龙江河近岸沉积物重金属含量与污染评价  

Heavy Metal Contents and Pollution Assessment of Nearshore Sediments in Longjiang River

作　　者：姚胜勋 韦富椿 陆素芬 韦岩松 YAO Shengxun;WEI Fuchun;LU Sufen;WEI Yansong(School of Chemical and Biological Engineering,Hechi University,Hechi 546300,China)

机构地区：[1]河池学院化学与生物工程学院,广西河池546300

出　　处：《湿法冶金》2020年第2期164-170,共7页Hydrometallurgy of China

基　　金：河池学院校级重点科研项目(2018XJZD006);广西高校中青年教师基础能力提升项目(2019KY0626)。

摘　　要：采用分层采样法采集龙江河近岸44个沉积物样品,研究其重金属含量特征及污染情况。结果表明:沉积物中,w(As)、w(Cd)、w(Pb)、w(Zn)、w(Cu)平均值分别为28.32、4.62、60.89、198.30和22.13 mg/kg,均不同程度高于背景值;地累积指数法分析结果表明,沉积物主要受到Cd、Pb、Zn的污染,其中Cd污染最严重;表层沉积物中,Cd、Pb、Zn的Igeo均大于0,表层以下均有一些深度重金属Igeo较表层高;各采样点综合潜在风险指数平均值在390.19~857.31之间,属于强至极强潜在生态风险级别,Cd贡献率为91.16%~95.34%。综上表明,沉积物主要受到Cd、Pb、Zn,特别是Cd的污染,表层以下一些深度污染更严重。评价结果对该流域及下游水环境的污染治理提供了参考依据。44 nearshore sediments samples in Longjiang river were collected by stratified sampling,and the characteristics of heavy metal contents and pollution were investigated.The results indicate that the average of w(As),w(Cd),w(Pb),w(Zn)and w(Cu)in these sediments are 28.32,4.62,60.89,198.30 and 22.13 mg/kg,respectively,and all are higher than the background values.The geoaccumulation index shows that the nearshore sediments is mainly polluted by Cd,Pb and Zn,especially Cd.The Igeo of Cd,Pb and Zn in surface sediments are all greater than 0,and some sampling layers below are higher than that of the surface of all the sampling sites.The comprehensive potential risk index(RI)of all sampling sites is in the range of 390.19~857.31 with a strong to very strong potential ecological risk,and Cd contributes 91.16%~95.34%.In summary,the nearshore sediments of Longjiang river are largely polluted by Cd,Pb and Zn,especially Cd,and some depths below the surface are more seriously contaminated.The results provide a reference for pollution controlling of the basin and the downstream water environment.

关 键 词：龙江河 近岸沉积物 重金属 污染评价 地累积指数法 潜在风险指数法 生态危害 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]