中哈边境塔城区域迁飞性昆虫雷达观测研究初探  

Entomological radar observation of migratory insects in China-Kazakhstan border areas

作　　者：曹凯丽 汪姝玥 于冰洁[1] 刘程才 ROMAN Jashenko 季荣[1] CAO Kaili;WANG Shuyue;YU Bingjie;LIU Chengcai;ROMAN Jashenko;JI Rong(College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Key Laboratory of Special Species and Regulatory Biology in Xinjiang, International Center for the Collaborative Management of Cross-border Pests in Central Asia, Urumqi 830054, China;Xinjiang Tacheng Locust and Rat Plagues Forecast Station, Tacheng 834700, China;Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050038, Kazakhstan)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学生命科学学院,新疆特殊环境物种保护与调控生物学实验室,中亚区域跨境有害生物联合控制国际研究中心,乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆塔城地区蝗虫鼠害预测预报防治站,塔城834700 [3]哈萨克斯坦阿勒法拉比国立大学,阿拉木图050038

出　　处：《植物保护》2020年第2期30-37,共8页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFE0203100);新疆高校科研创新团队项目(XJEDU2017T007);新疆维吾尔自治区研究生科研创新项目(XJGRI2017098)。

摘　　要：2017年和2018年6月至8月运用KC-08XVSD型昆虫雷达,结合探照灯诱虫器和地面诱虫灯诱捕数据及地面气象数据,分析了中哈边境塔城区域空中昆虫飞行特征及主要类群。结果表明:高空灯共诱捕到昆虫151种,分属12目50科,主要以鳞翅目和鞘翅目为主,地面灯共诱捕到昆虫137种,分属12目54科,主要以鞘翅目、半翅目、双翅目和直翅目为主,其中高空灯下宽胫夜蛾、旋歧夜蛾和甘薯天蛾的种群数量具有突增突减现象。雷达监测结果显示:灯下诱集到大量昆虫时,雷达回波时间主要集中在22:00-02:00,回波高度主要集中在200~600 m,有明显的成层现象和哑铃形回波分布。偏西风天气、风速在1.4~2.9 m/s时高空灯和地面灯诱虫数量较多。研究结果为利用昆虫雷达长期监测中哈边境昆虫迁飞提供基础数据,为深入探讨中哈边境区域害虫迁飞规律和监测预警提供科学依据。The KC-08XVSD entomological radar was used to study the flight characteristics and the dominant species of aerial insects in Tacheng area along the China-Kazakhstan border during June-August of 2017 and 2018.The data from entomological radar,search light trap,ground light trap and surface meteorological data were integrated in this study.The experimental results indicated that there were 151 species of insects trapped by search light trap,belonging to 50 families and 12 orders,mainly Lepidoptera and Coleoptera,and 137 species of insects trapped by ground light trap,belonging to 54 families and 12 orders,mainly Coleoptera,Hemiptera,Diptera and Orthoptera.The insects Protoschinia scutosa,Anarta trifolii and Agrius convolvuli showed a phenomenon of sudden change in the number of their populations.The target echoes of entomological radar indicated that,when a large number of insects were trapped by the lamp,there was a significant peak period of target echo density from 22:00 to 02:00,and the migration altitude of insects was mainly concentrated at 200-600 m.Entomological radar screen showed that there were dumbbell-shaped distribution of echoes and layering phenomenon of insects.When the wind direction was westerly and the wind velocity was from 1.4 m/s to 2.9 m/s,more number of insects was trapped by search light and ground light.These results provide a reference for the long-term monitoring of insect migration by using entomological radar in the future,and provide a scientific basis for the further study on the migration rules of pests and the monitoring in the border areas of China and Kazakhstan.

关 键 词：中哈边境 雷达观测 昆虫迁飞 飞行特征 

分 类 号：S431.9[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]