8种药剂对紫花三叉白及主要害虫的田间防治效果  

Field control efficacies of eight pesticides to Tetranychus cinnabarinus and Hypogastrura communis on Bletilla striata

作　　者：刘棋 董竞成[1] 成文章[1,2] 拜如霞 申科[1,2] 蒋智林[1,2,3] LIU Qi;DONG Jingcheng;CHENG Wenzhang;BAI Ruxia;SHEN Ke;JIANG Zhilin(Institute of Comparative Study of Traditional Materia Medica, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China;Pu’er University, Pu’er 665000, China;Key Laboratory for Agricultural Biodiversity and Pest Management Ministry of Education, Plant Protection College, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学中西医结合研究院传统药物比较研究所,上海200040 [2]普洱学院,普洱665000 [3]云南农业大学植物保护学院,农业生物多样性与病虫害控制教育部重点实验室,昆明650201 [4]云南省第一人民医院,昆明650032

出　　处：《植物保护》2020年第2期276-280,286,共6页Plant Protection

基　　金：云南省中青年学术与技术带头人后备人才项目(2014HB027);中国科学院西部之光青年学者项目(科发人函字[2016]84号);普洱市科技局科技计划项目(2014kjxmol);普洱学院创新团队项目(CYTD005);国家自然科学基金(31360456)。

摘　　要：为明确不同药剂对白及上初次发现的两种重要害虫朱砂叶螨Tetranychus cinnabarinus和棘跳虫Hypogastrura communis的防治效果,筛选高效低毒的杀虫剂,共使用8种药剂在普洱市白及规模化种植基地内进行了药剂试验。结果表明,喷施7天后,防治朱砂叶螨的5种药剂中,20%甲氰菊酯EC 2000倍液的防效(91.4%)和速效性最优;10%阿维菌素SG 10000倍的防效(84%)略低于15%哒螨灵EC 2000倍(85.1%),但无显著差异,为次优;5%苦参碱AS 6250倍液的防效(23.2%)和速效性均最差。防治棘跳虫的5种药剂中,喷施7天后,10%阿维菌素SG 10000倍液的防治效(97%)最优、5%苦参碱AS 6250倍液的防效(41%)最差;5%啶虫脒EC 3000倍液的速效性最优,70%吡虫啉WG 1200倍液的速效性最差。综合考量药剂对朱砂叶螨和棘跳虫的持效性、速效性及防治效果,10%阿维菌素SG 10000倍液是普洱紫花三叉白及重要害虫防治的首选生物防治药剂。To screen out pesticides of high potency and low toxicity for controlling the two major pests,Tetranychus cinnabarinus and Hypogastrura communis,first reported on Bletilla striata(Thunb.)Reichb.f.,field trials of total 8 agents were conducted in the large-scale planting base in Pu’er.Among the five pesticides for controlling T.cinnabarinus,fenpropathrin 20%EC 2000 times solution showed the highest last efficacy(91.4%)in the 7th day after treatment and the best fast-acting property.The control efficacy(84%)in the 7th day after treatment of abamectin 10%SG 10000 times solution was slightly lower than that of pyridaben 15%EC 2000 times solution with no significant difference,which were the suboptimal agents.Matrine 5%AS 6250 times solution was the worst in terms of both the control efficacy(23.2%)and fast-acting property.Among the five pesticides tested for controlling H.communis,abamectin,10%SG 10000 times solution and matrine 5%AS 6250 times solution showed the highest(97%)and lowest(41%)control efficacies in the 7th day after treatment,respectively;while acetamiprid 5%EC 3000 times solution and imidacloprid 70%WG 1200 times solution were of the best and worst fast-acting properties,respectively.Based on the persistence,fast-acting property and efficacy,the biopesticide abamectin 10%SG 10000 times solution could be recommended as the first current choice for controlling both of T.cinnabarinus and H.communis in the B.striata plantation in Pu’er.

关 键 词：白及 主要害虫 药剂防治 

分 类 号：S435.672[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]