6种水生植物及其组合对模拟污水中磷的净化效果  

Purification Effects of Six Aquatic Plants and Their Combinations on Phosphorus in Simulated Sewage

作　　者：陈小运 胡友彪[1] 郑永红[1] 张治国[1] 余婷 孙翔 邓永强 Chen Xiaoyun;Hu Youbiao;Zheng Yonghong;Zhang Zhiguo;Yu Ting;Sun Xiang;Deng Yongqiang(School of Earth and Environment,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan,Anhui 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学地球与环境学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2020年第1期99-107,共9页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“外源溶解性有机碳对镉在复垦重构土壤中吸附机制研究”(51904014);安徽省高校自然科学研究项目“DOC对煤矿复垦区土壤Cd的吸附动力学影响机制研究”(KJ2018A0072);安徽省质量工程项目“土壤卫士”创客实验室(2016ckjh071)。

摘　　要：[目的]针对河流湖泊水体污染严重现状,选择6种水生植物进行水质净化试验,为污染水体的水生植物治理提供选择依据.[方法]选择6种具观赏效果的水生植物菖蒲、美人蕉、大藻、凤眼莲、金鱼藻、穗花狐尾藻,采用静态水培的方法,研究6种水生植物及其组合对不同浓度模拟污水中总磷净化效果.[结果]单一水生植物试验中,凤眼莲在高(2 mg/L)、中浓度(0.5 mg/L)磷水体中总磷去除效果最好,去除率分别为95.9%,93.4%.金鱼藻在低浓度磷(0.1 mg/L)水体中总磷去除效果最好,去除率为91.1%.组合水生植物试验中,高浓度磷水体中金鱼藻+菖蒲+凤眼莲的水生植物组合对水体中总磷去除效果最好,去除率为96%.中浓度磷水体中穗花狐尾藻+菖蒲+凤眼莲水生植物组合总磷去除效果最好,去除率为98.8%.低浓度磷水体中穗花狐尾藻+菖蒲+大藻水生植物组合总磷去除效果最好,去除率为94.3%.[结论]选择的6种水生植物对总磷均有一定的去除效果,对水生植物的种植数量、面积、时间以及组合方式进行优化配置,可用于污染水体水质净化.[Objective]According to serious water pollution in rivers and lakes,six species of aquatic plants were selected for treatment of polluted water and water purification testing,in order to provide a basis for aquatic plant treatment in polluted water.[Methods]Six kinds of ornamental aquatic plants were chosen:Acorus calamus,Canna indica,Pistia stratiotes,Eichhornia crassipes,Ceratophyllum demersum,and Myriophyllum spicatum.Static hydroponics were used for the plants,in combination with different concentrations of phosphorus to simulate the effects of total phosphorus in the sewage purification.[Results]E.crassipes was found to be the best for removal of high(2 mg/L)and medium(0.5 mg/L)concentrations of total phosphorus in the water,with removal rates of 95.9%and 93.4%,respectively.C.demersum demonstrated the highest removal efficiency in the water with a low concentration(0.1 mg/L)of phosphorus,with a removal rate of total phosphorus of 91.1%.The combination of aquatic plants that was best for the removal of total phosphorus with a high concentration of phosphorus was C.demersum+A.calamus+E.crassipes,with a removal rate of 96.0%.In water with a medium concentration of phosphorus,A.calamus+E.crassipes+M.spicatum was the best for the removal of total phosphorus,with a removal rate of 98.8%.In water with low concentrations of phosphorus the best combination for total phosphorous removal was A.calamus+P.Stratiotes+M.spicatum,with a removal rate of 94.3%.[Conclusion]All the six aquatic plants have a specific total phosphorus removal rates,and the optimal allocation of the number,area,time and combination of aquatic plants can be used for the purification of polluted water.

关 键 词：水生植物 水质净化 总磷 去除效果 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X173