玛纳斯河流域山前平原区蒸散发时空异质性分析  

Analyses of the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of evapotranspiration in the piedmont of the Manas River Basin

作　　者：席丹 王文科[1,2] 赵明[1,2] 马稚桐[1,2] 侯昕悦 张在勇 XI Dan;WANG Wenke;ZHAO Ming;MA Zhitong;HOU Xinyue;ZHANG Zaiyong(Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region,Chang’an University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710054,China;School of Water and Environment,Chang’an University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]旱区地下水与生态效应教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [2]长安大学水利与环境学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《水文地质工程地质》2020年第2期25-34,共10页Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1603243,41230314)。

摘　　要：玛纳斯河流域气候干燥、蒸发强烈,准确估算蒸散发量对地下水资源评价及生态环境保护具有重要指导意义。以往蒸散发研究空间分辨率较低,已不能满足各水文地质分区景观格局演变引起的蒸散发细部变化研究,针对以往不足,文章基于SEBAL模型利用Landsat系列影像估算了近30年来玛纳斯河流域山前平原区蒸散发,并进一步探讨不同水文地质分区蒸散发时空分布特征及影响因素。结果表明,蒸散量空间分布按照水文地质分区呈现明显带状性,各水文地质分区日蒸散总量表现为戈壁带<荒漠带<绿洲带,时间尺度上全区蒸散总量呈上升趋势,且增大幅度逐渐变缓,各分区呈现绿洲带蒸散总量递增、戈壁带及荒漠带蒸散总量先减小后增大,各分区蒸散总量变化趋势是由各分区主地物类型蒸散量变化控制;通过对影响因素的分析可知日蒸散发量随气温的升高而升高,各地物日均蒸散发量与全区平均气温变化趋势一致;归一化植被指数与日蒸散发量在戈壁带与绿洲带呈现较好的正相关关系;地下水位埋深与日蒸散发量在绿洲带呈负相关,当地下水位埋深大于5.5 m时,日蒸散发量趋于稳定。In the Manas River Basin the climate is dry and evaporation is strong,and accurate estimation of evapotranspiration is of important guiding significance for groundwater resources evaluation and ecological environmental protection.In the past,the research on evapotranspiration is of a low spatial resolution and the results cannot satisfy the detailed changes in evapotranspiration caused by the evolution of landscape patterns in various hydrogeological zones.In response to the past deficiencies,this study uses the Landsat series of images to estimate the evapotranspiration in the piedmont plain of the Manas Basin in the past 30 years,and further explores the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of evapotranspiration in different hydrogeological zones.The results show that the spatial distribution of evapotranspiration is obviously banded according to the hydrogeological division.The total evapotranspiration of each hydrogeological zone is represented by the Gobi belt<desert belt<oasis belt.The total evapotranspiration of the whole area shows an increasing trend on the time scale and the increasing trend gradually slows down.The total amount of evapotranspiration in the oasis belt increases,and the total evapotranspiration in the gobi belt and desert belt decreases first and then increases.The change trend of evapotranspiration in each district is controlled by the variation in evapotranspiration of the major land types in each district.According to the analysis of influencing factors,it can be found that ET increases with the rising temperature,and the daily average evapotranspiration of various places is consistent with the average temperature change trend of the whole region.NDVI and ET show a good positive correlation in the gobi and oasis zones.Groundwater table burial depth is negatively correlated with ET in the oasis zone.When the groundwater table burial depth is greater than 5.5 m,ET tends to stabilize.The analytical ideas can provide reference for hydrogeologists in th

关 键 词：蒸散发 时空分布特征 SEBAL模型 玛纳斯河流域 

分 类 号：P641.8[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]