桂海碑林摩崖石刻水害成因分析及防治对策  

Cause analysis and control measures of water damages in Guihai’s stone inscription

作　　者：刘硕 白雪亮 张彬[1] 张中俭[1] 孙进忠[1] 杨文府 LIU Shuo;BAI Xueliang;ZHANG Bin;ZHANG Zhongjian;SUN Jinzhong;YANG Wenfu(School of Engineering and Technology,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710065,China;Shanxi Key Laboratory of Resources,Environment and Disaster Monitoring,Jinzhong,Shanxi 030600,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)工程技术学院,北京100083 [2]中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710065 [3]资源环境与灾害监测山西省重点实验室,山西晋中030600

出　　处：《水文地质工程地质》2020年第2期126-133,共8页Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助(41972300,41572301,40902086);中央高校基本科研业务经费项目资助(2652018108)。

摘　　要：桂海碑林摩崖石刻景区为国家第五批公布的全国重点文物保护单位,其现存的石刻具有极高的史料价值和书法艺术欣赏价值。由于长期受到地质营力的作用,石刻出现了不同程度的水患病害,严重威胁着文物的长期保存。本文通过现场调查将桂海碑林灰岩质摩崖石刻的水患病害归纳为渗(滴)水病害、坡面雨水冲刷病害和凝结水病害三种类型,并分析了裂隙水、雨水和凝结水诱发石刻损坏的成因机制。为查明裂隙水的运移特征,采用瑞雷波探测技术识别了石刻岩体内部潜在的渗流通道,并基于瑞雷波相速度V R分级对其进行了渗透性分级。基于探测结果结合石刻区的地貌特征,提出了在崖顶区采用土工合成材料黏土衬垫(GCL)防渗铺盖和坡顶截水,在石刻区采用裂隙注浆和表面防水封护的综合治理对策。The scenic area of stone inscription on forest of steles in Guihai belongs to the fifth batch of major sites to be protected at the national level.The existing stone inscription there has high historical value and appreciation value of calligraphy.Due to the long-term geological force,the stone inscription there has been suffering varying degrees and different types of water damages,which seriously threaten the long-term preservation of the cultural relics.Based on the field investigation,this paper classifies the water damages in Guihai’s stone inscription into three types:seepage(dripping)water damage,rainwater scouring damage and condensation water damage,analyzes the mechanism of them and confirms that limestone is the only carrier of the stone inscription.In order to find out the migration characteristic of the fissure water,this paper identifies the potential seepage channels in the rock through Rayleigh wave detection,and carries out the permeability classification of them based on the V R classification of Rayleigh wave phase velocity.According to the results of the above analysis and detection,the comprehension control measures of GCL seepage-proof cover and slope water interception in the cliff top area,crack grouting and surface waterproof sealing in the stone inscription area are put forward.

关 键 词：摩崖石刻 水患病害 成因机制 瑞雷波探测 防治对策 

分 类 号：P642.24[天文地球—工程地质学] P694[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]