2014-2018年清远市清新区农村留守儿童伤害死亡流行病学分析  

Epidemiological Analysis of Injury Deaths of Left-behind Children in Rural Areas of Qingxin District in Qingyuan City From 2014 to 2018

作　　者：朱旭豪 孟瑞琳[2] 周舒冬 徐浩锋[2] 黄金英[1] 黎杏如 刘超侽 ZHU Xuhao;MENG Ruilin;ZHOU Shudong;XU Haofeng;HUANG Jinying;LI Xingru;LIU Chaonan(Qingyuan City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Qingyuan 5115515,Guangdong Province,China;Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou 511430,Guangdong Province,China;School of Public Health,Guangdong Pharmaceutial Univerity,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong Province,China;Qingxin District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Qingyuan 511800,Guangdong Province,China;Guangdong Medical University,Guangdong Pharmacetical University,Guangzhou 524023,Guangdong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]清远市疾病预防控制中心,广东清远511515 [2]广东省疾病预防控制中心,广州511430 [3]广东药科大学公共卫生学院,广州510006 [4]清远市清新区疾病预防控制中心,广东清远511800 [5]广东医科大学,广州524023

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2020年第3期276-282,共7页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：2017年清远市社会发展领域自筹经费科技计划项目(项目编号:2017B072)。

摘　　要：目的掌握2014-2018年广东省清远市农村留守儿童伤害死亡的流行病学特征及变化趋势,为农村留守儿童伤害死亡的预防和控制工作提供科学依据。方法抽取留守儿童较多的清远市做为该次的项目地区,采用Excel 2003对2014-2018年广东省清远市农村留守儿童的人口学资料、死因登记系统及全国伤害监测系统内的资料进行汇总整理;对死亡儿童进行入户回顾性调查,并对调查资料进行整理分析;应用SPSS 22.0统计软件进行检验卡方检验及趋势卡方检验。结果 2014-2018年,清远市某区农村留守儿童死亡人数为51人,伤害标化死亡率为82.87/10万;非留守儿童伤害死亡数为23人,伤害标化率为34.34/10万;农村留守儿童伤害死亡率高于非留守儿童,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=13.12,P<0.01)。前5位伤害死因依次为溺水、道路交通伤害、跌落、中毒、机械性窒息。死因顺位呈线性趋势,溺水、道路交通伤害占绝对优势(χ~2趋势=34.80,P<0.01)。农村留守男童伤害标化死亡率为113.0/10万,女童为49.44/10万,男童高于女童(χ~2=7.66,P<0.05);0~1岁组伤害标化死亡率(151.03/10万)最高,5~9岁组伤害标化死亡率(45.42/10万)最低。农村留守儿童的伤害死亡集中在1~4岁组(标化死亡率115.44/10万)及10~14岁组(标化死亡率76.61/10万),占农村留守儿童伤害总死亡的70.59%。1~4岁组及10~14岁组伤害死亡的首要原因是溺水;5~9岁组伤害死亡的主要原因是道路交通伤害。伤害死亡导致农村留守儿童的潜在寿命损失年为3 734.7/人年,潜在寿命损失率为30.59‰,占儿童全死因死亡潜在寿命损失年的14.32%;男童(2 391.3/人年)高于女童(1 343.3/人年);溺水是导致农村留守儿童潜在寿命损失年的主要原因(潜在寿命损失年为1 966.4/人年,潜在寿命损失率为16.10‰,平均潜在寿命损失年为75.6/人年)。结论农村留守儿童伤害死亡状况严峻,农村留守儿童是伤害死亡发生�Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and trends of injury deaths among rural left-behind children in Qingyuan district of Guangdong province so as to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of injury deaths in rural left-behind children.Methods The Qingyuan, a city with a large number of left-behind children, was selected. The Microsoft Excel 2003 was used to summarize and sort out the demographic data and data from coroner registration system and national injury monitoring system of rural left-behind children in Qingyuan city from 2014 to 2018. A retrospective investigation was carried out on the dead children,and the investigation data were collated and analyzed. Chi-square test and chi-square trend test were conducted by using SPSS 22.0. Results In 2014-2018,the number of death in rural leftbehind children in Qingyuan city is 51, and the injury standardized mortality was 82.87/105. The number of injuries and deaths of non-left-behind children is 23. The injury standardized rate was34.34/105. The injury death rate of rural left-behind children is higher than that of non-left-behind children, which was statistically significant (χ~2=13.12, P<0.01). The rank of death cause was linear, and the traffic injury, drowning and motor vehicles were dominant type of death causes(χ~2 linear trend=34.80,P<0.001). The injury standardized mortality of left-behind boys in rural areas was higher than that of left-behind girls(113.0/105 vs. 49.44/105,χ~2=7.66,P<0.05). The injury standardized mortality of 0-1 year-old group was highest(151.03/105),whereas the injury standardized mortality of 5-9 year-old group was lowest(45.42/105). The deaths of left-behind children in rural areas concentrated in the 1-4 year-old group(standardized mortality rate, 115.44/105) and the 10~14 year-old group(standardized mortality rate,76.61/105),accounting for 70.59%of the total deaths of rural left-behind children. The main cause of injury death in the 1-4 year-old and the 10~14 year-old group is drowni

关 键 词：伤害 死亡率 死亡趋势 潜在寿命损失年(PYLL) 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]