慢性病风险评估国内外研究现况及我国突破口分析  

Status of chronic disease risk assessment at home and abroad and breakthrough for China

作　　者：李子昀 施天行 黄晓旭[1] 王朝昕 石建伟 黄蛟灵 俞文雅 范峰 陈宁 王晓丽 LI Ziyun;SHI Tianxing;HUANG Xiaoxu;WANG Zhaoxin;SHI Jianwei;HUANG Jiaoling;YU Wenya;FAN Feng;CHEN Ning;WANG Xiaoli(College of Public Health,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China;Shanghai Pudong Health Development Research Center,Shanghai 200129,China;General Clinical Center,Nanhai Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University,Foshan 528244,Guangdong China;Shanghai General Clinical Medical and Community Health Development Research Center,Shanghai 200090,China;Tongji University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院公共卫生学院,上海200025 [2]上海市浦东卫生发展研究院,上海200129 [3]南方医科大学附属南海医院全科医学中心,佛山528244 [4]上海市全科医学与社区卫生发展研究中心,上海200090 [5]同济大学医学院,上海200092

出　　处：《中国卫生资源》2020年第1期49-54,共6页Chinese Health Resources

基　　金：2018年“重大慢性非传染性疾病防控研究”重点专项(SQ2018YFC130057);上海市卫生系统优秀青年人才项目(2018YQ52);国家自然科学基金面上项目(71774116);上海市浦江人才项目(2019PJC072);上海交通大学医工交叉基金资助(YG2020YQ06)。

摘　　要：目的回顾和分析现有的国内外慢性病风险评估进展,提出当前我国慢性病风险评估的关键问题,推动我国慢性病风险评估的进一步推进与实施。方法系统回顾分析国内外慢性病风险评估进展,以“慢性病”“风险评估”等作为关键词,对中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed数据库、Embase数据库、Web of Science数据库中自2000年以来的文献予荟萃分析。结果发达国家如美国和澳大利亚医疗机构对多类慢性病患者提供了疾病风险评估及长期支持管理,且目前仍旧以单一疾病的风险评估居多,包括心血管疾病、2型糖尿病和乳腺癌。我国此方面工作开始起步,但实践相对薄弱。结论目前存在风险评估前后的相关数据源建立和方法学等问题,我国实践情况相对发达国家滞后,慢性病风险评估并未广泛推行。未来需完成公共卫生多渠道数据整合,实现多维方法学整合和利用、完善不同风险状态下的人群健康促进措施。Objective To review and analyze the progress on chronic disease risk assessment at home and abroad,and to propose the key problems in chronic disease risk assessment in China,in order to promote the further development and implementation of chronic disease risk assessment in China.Methods Published domestic and international studies on chronic disease risk assessment were subject to meta analysis after CNKI database,Wanfang database,VIP database,PubMed,Embase,and Web of Science searches between 2000 and 2019 were conducted using“chronic disease”or“chronic illness”and“risk assessment”as keywords.Results In developed countries,such as the United States and Australia,the medical institutions provided disease risk assessment and long-term support management for patients with different types of chronic diseases,and currently most risk assessments were for single diseases including cardiovascular disease,type 2 diabetes mellitus,and breast cancer.China started working on this field but were weak in practice.Conclusion At present,the practice of chronic disease risk assessment in China is lagging behind that of developed countries as it has not been implemented nationwide.In the future,it is necessary to establish the multi-channel public health data integration,realize the integration and utilization of multi-dimensional methodologies,and improve health promotion measures for people at different disease risk levels.

关 键 词：慢性病 风险评估 现况 突破口 文献分析 

分 类 号：R193.2[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]