青海哈拉湖水文特征分析及水环境问题研究  

Research on Hydrological Characteristics and Water Environment of Hara Lake in Qinghai Province

作　　者：张磊 张盛生 田成成 ZHANG Lei;ZHANG Sheng-sheng;TIAN Cheng-cheng(Hydro-Geological and Geothermal Geological Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province(Hydro Geology and Engineering,Geology and Environment Geology Survey Institute of Qinghai Province),Xining 810008,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省水文地质及地热地质重点实验室(青海省水文地质工程地质环境地质调查院),西宁810008

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2020年第1期77-82,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

摘　　要：为实现青海省哈拉湖水资源的合理开发及利用,以现场调查及室内试验成果为基础,开展了哈拉湖流域及其周边区域的水文特征分析及水环境问题研究。研究成果表明:哈拉湖流域范围内河流水系及湖泊发育较为复杂,不仅水资源赋存量较大,还具复杂的水力联系;同时,区内局部地表水的矿化度相对较高,水质相对较差,但仍能满足基本的生活生产需要,而地下水的水化学类型总计有四类,水质以优良-良好居多,有少量地下水的水质极差;另外,区内原生水环境地质问题主要包括土壤盐渍化、土壤沙化、湖泊退化及冰川退化等问题,次生水环境地质问题则以人类工程活动为主,且土壤沙化问题、湖泊退化问题及冰川退化问题相对较为严重,需予以足够重视。通过该文研究,掌握了哈拉湖的水文现状,可为其后期水资源开发提供依据。In order to realize the rational development and utilization of water resources of Hara Lake in Qinghai Province,based on field investigation and laboratory test results,the hydrological characteristics and water environment problems of the Hara Lake Basin and its surrounding areas are studied.The research results show that the development of rivers and lakes in the Hara Lake basin is complex.It has not only a large water resources reserve but also complex hydraulic connections.At the same time,the mineralization degree of local surface water is relatively high and the water quality is relatively poor,but it can still meet the basic needs of life and production.There are four types of groundwater chemical types,and the water quality is excellent.The water quality of a small amount of groundwater is very poor.In addition,the primary water environmental geological problems in the area mainly include soil salinization,soil desertification,lake degradation and glacier degradation,while the secondary water environmental geological problems are mainly caused by human engineering activities,and the problems of soil desertification,lake degradation and glacier degradation are relatively serious,to which enough attention need to be paid.Through this study,the hydrological status of Hara Lake is grasped,which serve as a basis for the later development of water resources.

关 键 词：哈拉湖 湖泊 水资源 水文特征值 水环境 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学] X821[水利工程—水文学及水资源]