策略三十六计和算法三十六计  

Thirty-Six Stratagems of Schemes and Thirty-Six Stratagems of Algorithms

作　　者：林闯[1] LIN Chuang(Department of Computer Science and Technology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学计算机科学与技术系,北京100084

出　　处：《电子学报》2020年第2期209-237,共29页Acta Electronica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.61472199)。

摘　　要：本着文化自信的精神,深入学习具有三千多年历史的《易经》,挖掘《易经》形象思维的抽象和推理的理念,结合现代计算机学科的发展和作者本身的专业经历,给出了计算机系统设计策略三十六计和算法三十六计的初步成果.本文提出了计算机学科的四个基本对立统一关系,即四个基本科学问题:集分定位、刚柔相摩、供需相应、串并转换.从集分定位出发,在策略三十六计中提出了架构设计十八计,它包括了时空转换和多种计算模式的计策.从刚柔相摩出发,在策略三十六计中提出了系统特性十八计,它包括了八类特性设计的计策,例如,可控性、效率性、安全性、可变性等方面的计策.供需相应和串并转换所涉及的科学问题,主要体现在资源管理和任务调度的算法三十六计中.这些算法计策中包含了计算机学科的经典和热点问题,例如,可计算性、多目标优化、云计算、软件定义系统、大数据思维和人工智能等.策略三十六计和算法三十六计可以为计算机专业人员在学习和系统研发工作中提供思维框架、策略辩证思路和需要的计策及实例,更为重要的是可以进一步理解事物的哲学道理.In the spirit of cultural confidence,this paper presents thirty-six stratagems of schemes and thirty-six stratagems of algorithms for computer system design after learning I Ching in depth and digging out the abstract and inferential concepts of the image thinking of I Ching.which combines the development of modern computer science and the author’s own professional experience.It proposes four basic relations of unity of opposites in computer science(i.e.,four basic scientific problems),which include:the positioning of centralization and decentralization,the interaction of hardness and softness,supply-demand correspondence and serial-to-parallel conversion.From the perspective of the positioning of centralization and decentralization,eighteen stratagems of architecture design are proposed in the thirty-six stratagems of algorithms,which include the stratagems of time-space transformation and various computing modes.From the perspective of the interaction of hardness and softness,eighteen stratagems of system features are proposed in the thirty-six stratagems of schemes,which include the stratagems of designing eight kinds of features,such as controllability,efficiency,security and variability.The scientific problems involved in supply-demand correspondence and serial-to-parallel conversion are mainly embodied in the thirty-six stratagems of algorithms for resource management and task scheduling.These algorithms and schemes include classic and hot issues in computer science,such as computability,multi-objective optimization,cloud computing,software defined system,big data thinking and artificial intelligence.The thirty-six stratagems of schemes and thirty-six stratagems of algorithms can provide computer professionals with thinking framework,dialectical thinking and necessary stratagems and instances in learning and developing computer systems.More importantly,they can help the computer professionals further understand the philosophical principles of things.

关 键 词：计算机系统设计 易经 对立统一 策略三十六计 算法三十六计 

分 类 号：TP302.1[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]