量子操作区分中叠加资源优势的比较  

Comparison of Operational Advantages of Superposition in Operational Discrimination

作　　者：刘锋 高冬梅 蔡晓秋[2] LIU Feng;GAO Dong-mei;CAI Xiao-qiu(School of Mathematic and Information Science,Shandong Technology and Business Universiy,Yantai,Shandong 264005,China;School of Mathematic Science,Luoyang Normal University,Luoyang,Henan 471934,China)

机构地区：[1]山东工商学院数学与信息科学学院,山东烟台264005 [2]洛阳师范学院数学科学学院,河南洛阳471934

出　　处：《电子学报》2020年第2期303-307,共5页Acta Electronica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.61771294,No.61602232);山东省自然科学基金青年项目(No.ZR2015FQ006)。

摘　　要：量子资源理论研究的一个中心问题是为具体的资源提供操作性解释,即在完成某种量子信息处理任务时资源态比任何非资源态更有优势.最近,Theurer等人[T Theurer,et al.Phys Rev Lett 119,230401(2017)]通过扩展相干资源理论建立了严格的叠加资源理论框架.在叠加资源理论框架下,本文利用Holevo-Helstrom定理定量地刻画单量子比特叠加态在不同类型的量子操作区分任务中的优势,即计算得到叠加态辅助量子操作区分的最大成功概率大于非叠加态辅助时的值.这些定量结果还表明,在相同的叠加态辅助下,不同类型的操作(自由操作与非自由操作)之间最易于区分,而相同类型的量子操作之间,非自由操作之间的区分易于自由操作的区分.这一结果为新型量子安全通信协议的设计提供了新的依据.In the study of quantum resource theories,one of the central problems is to provide an operational meaning for a given resource.In the provided quantum information processing task,every resource state provides an advantage com-pared to the case where all resourceless states are used.Recently,Theurer et al.[T Theurer,et al.Phys Rev Lett 119,230401(2017)]introduced a rigorous resource theory framework for the quantification of superposition through generalizing of re-source theories of coherence.Under the framework,we show that every one-qubit superposition state provides an advantage in different channel discrimination,quantified in terms of the Holevo-Helstrom theorem.Then,the maximum probability of success in superposition-assisted channel discrimination has been calculated,which is larger than the value of maximum probability of success in no superposition-assisted channel discrimination.Our results contribute to understanding the discrim-ination relevance of channels:assisting by the unique coherent state,different kinds of channels are most distinguishable,and different coherent channels are more distinguishable than different incoherent channels.

关 键 词：叠加资源理论 量子操作区分 区分优势 

分 类 号：TN914.4[电子电信—通信与信息系统]