单细胞RNA测序技术在病毒研究中的应用  

Applications of single-cell RNA sequencing in virology

作　　者：屈亮 李素[1] 仇华吉[1] Liang Qu;Su Li;Huaji Qiu(State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology,Harbin Veterinary Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150069,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所,兽医生物技术国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150069

出　　处：《遗传》2020年第3期269-277,共9页Hereditas（Beijing)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:31630080,31672537)资助。

摘　　要：单细胞RNA测序(single-cell RNA sequencing, scRNA-seq)技术已经成为不同领域中研究细胞异质性的有效工具。在病毒研究领域中,利用该技术分析病毒和细胞的转录组,可以在单细胞水平上检测病毒感染的动态变化,了解病毒与细胞间复杂的相互作用。本文简述了scRNA-seq技术,着重介绍病毒感染宿主细胞后scRNA-seq研究的最新进展,同时也描述了细胞周期、基因表达、细胞状态等细胞异质性对病毒感染过程的影响,以及病毒变异对其本身感染过程的影响。此外,本文还分析了scRNA-seq在研究病毒–宿主互作动态变化方面具有的独特优势,及其在病毒研究领域中广阔的应用前景,为揭示病毒的感染与致病机制、抗病毒靶标的开发等提供参考。Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq) is now emerging as a powerful tool to characterize the roles of cell heterogeneity in many fields, including virus infection. Transcriptional profiling at the single-cell level has enabled a greater appreciation of the dynamic changes of virus infection and the complex interactions between viruses and host cells. In this review, we briefly introduce the scRNA-seq technology, and the researches progress of scRNA-seq applied to virus infection. Moreover, we summarize the effects of cell heterogeneity, such as cell cycle, gene expression, and cell state, and virus mutations on the virus infection. We also analyze the unique advantages of scRNA-seq in researches of the dynamic changes of virus-host interaction, and the profound prospects of this technology used in virology for future studies. This review aims to provide a useful reference for the application of scRNA-seq in the understanding of the viral infection and pathogenicity mechanisms which may lead to the development of potential antiviral targets.

关 键 词：单细胞RNA测序技术 细胞异质性 病毒感染 

分 类 号：S852.65[农业科学—基础兽医学]