词与物: 地名的不可商标性反思  

Words and Things:Rethinking the Trademark Disqualification of Place-Names

作　　者：熊文聪[1] Xiong Wencong

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学法学院

出　　处：《交大法学》2020年第2期129-139,共11页SJTU Law Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“创新驱动发展战略下知识产权公共领域问题研究”(项目编号:17ZDA139);中央民族大学自主科研项目“青年教师科研能力提升计划”(项目编号:2020QNPY30)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：我国《商标法》中“地名不得作为商标”条款乃绝对禁用条款,属于效力性禁止性规范。立法者之所以如此规定,是将地名视为政治符号而神圣化了,而非出于其缺乏显著性或具有欺骗性之考量。在《商标法》已经修订完善相关制度体系的前提下,该条款已经变得不合时宜,理应删除,而无法通过司法及行政机关的解释来作变通性的限缩适用。因为这种解释不仅背离了法律解释方法的顺位规则,未认清《商标法》第10条与第11条的逻辑关系,更降低了法律的安定性和可预期性,难以摆脱越俎代庖式的造法嫌疑与窠臼。In Trademark Law of China,the provision that“the place-name cannot be registered as a trademark”is a prohibitive clause of validity.The reason why the legislators stipulate this is that they regard place names as political symbols and sanctify them rather than the consideration of place-names being short of distinctiveness or bearing fraudulence.Under the premise that the trademark law has been revised and the relevant system has been improved,this clause has become out of time and should be deleted.It cannot be applied flexibly and limitedly by the aid of judicial or administrative construction,which varies from the sequence rule of legal interpretation,confuses the logic relationship between Article 10 and Article 11,undermines the stability and predictability of legal clauses,and sinks into the mire of backseat driver eventually.

关 键 词：地名 商标 可注册性 政治符号 

分 类 号：D923.43[政治法律—民商法学]