航空重力测量数据的小波滤波处理  

Wavelet filter processing in airborne gravimetry

作　　者：王静波[1] 熊盛青 罗锋 王冠鑫 WANG Jing-Bo;XIONG Sheng-Qing;LUO Feng;WANG Guan-Xin(College of Sciences,North China University of Technology,Beijing 100144,China;China Aero Geophysical and Remote Sensing Center for Natural and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北方工业大学理学院,北京100144 [2]中国自然资源航空物探遥感中心,北京100083

出　　处：《物探与化探》2020年第2期300-312,共13页Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“航空重力测量技术装备研制”之课题“航空重力数据处理软件实用化研制”(2017YFC0601705);国家“863”计划主题项目课题(2013AA063905)。

摘　　要："滤波技术"是航空重力测量数据处理中的关键性核心技术之一。针对"小波"滤波这一核心技术,本文研究、设计了小波低通滤波器,用于航空重力测量数据处理。基于小波包分析方法,按估算的小波包分解层次对应的信号频率范围、低通滤波器的截止频率和小波包系数频率由小到大节点的排列顺序,优化设计小波包树。研究分析了不同小波的主要特性,选用正交或双正交小波,采用本文提出的阈值处理方案和设计的小波低通滤波器,对GT-1A航空重力勘查系统的测量数据进行了滤波试验研究。结果表明,上述滤波方法和阈值处理方案是可行的,在选用的小波中,离散Meyer小波滤波器滤波效果最佳,获得与GT-1A系统滤波结果几乎同样满意的滤波效果,二者滤波结果的均方差值在0.2~0.3 mGal之间。Filtering is one of the crucial technologies for data processing in airborne gravimetry. Aimed at the wavelet filtering especially, the authors developed the wavelet low-pass filter for data processing in this paper. Based on the wavelet packet analysis, the wavelet packet tree was optimized according to the signal frequency range of corresponding estimated wavelet packet decomposition level, the desired low-pass cutoff frequency and the node’s arranged order on the basis of the "frequency" order of the wavelet packet coefficients from the low frequencies to the high frequencies. The main characteristics of the orthogonal or the biorthogonal wavelets were analyzed, and the new threshold processing schemes were proposed in this paper, The authors made the experimental researches on filtering GT-airborne gravity data using the wavelet filter. The results show that the discrete Meyer wavelet’s filtering has achieved the best effect among the wavelets available, and this wavelet filter for airborne gravity data has almost as good satisfactory filtering effect as GT-1 A result, with the root-mean squared difference between 0.2 mGal and 0.3 mGal in comparison with GT-1 A result.

关 键 词：航空重力测量 小波包分析 低通滤波器 小波特性 阈值处理 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]