时间域航空电磁的天电噪声去除研究  

A study of sferic removal from time domain airborne electromagnetic data

作　　者：贲放 黄威 路宁 韩飞[4] 郑红闪[1,2,3] 丁志强 李军峰[1,2,3] BEN Fang;HUANG Wei;LU Ning;HAN Fei;ZHENG Hong-Shan;DING Zhi-Qiang;LI Jun-Feng(Laboratory of Geophysical Electromagnetic Probing Technologies,Ministry of Natural Resources,Langfang 065000,China;Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,CAGS,Langfang 065000,China;National Research Center of Geoexploration Technology,Langfang065000,Chi-na;China Water Northeastern Investigation,Design and Research Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130026,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部地球物理电磁法探测技术重点实验室,河北廊坊065000 [2]中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所,河北廊坊065000 [3]国家现代地质勘查工程技术研究中心,河北廊坊065000 [4]中水东北勘测设计研究有限责任公司,吉林长春130026

出　　处：《物探与化探》2020年第2期388-393,共6页Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0601900);基本科研业务费专项经费资助项目(JYYWF20180103);中国地质调查局项目(DD20201179);物化探所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(AS2017J06)。

摘　　要：天电噪声是影响时间域航空电磁数据质量的主要噪声源之一,在实际工作中如何对其高效、快速地去除是数据预处理的关键。前人研究的α-trimmed均值/中值滤波对天电噪声去除效果较好,但单窗口滤波存在一定问题,小窗口滤波去除天电噪声不彻底,大窗口滤波虽可很好地去除天电噪声,但供电处、峰值和断电处数据会被过度平均化。因此,提出混合窗口剪切均值滤波,即每半个周期内供电处、峰值和断电处数据采用小窗口参数滤波,其他数据采用大窗口参数滤波,该方法滤波后保证数据变化趋势的同时较好地去除了天电噪声。天电噪声的去除不仅能提高数据信噪比且能增大勘探深度,可以为后期数据处理提供高质量的原始测量数据。The main noise source of time-domain airborne electromagnetic survey is sferics that affects the quality of data.In practical work,how to remove sferics efficiently and quickly is the key to data preprocessing.Previous studies of trimmed mean/median filter have a good effect on sferic noise removal.However,there are some problems with single-window-filter.Small window filter does not completely remove the sferics,while large window filter can remove the sferic noise well,but the data at the power on,peak and power off will be over-averaged.Therefore,this paper proposes the hybrid window trim-mean filter,that is,small window parameter filter is adopted for the data at the power on,peak and power off every half cycle,and large window parameter filter is adopted for other data.This method can ensure the trend of data change and better remove the airborne noise at the same time.The removal of sferic noise can not only improve the SNR of data but also increase the exploration depth and provide high-quality data for data processing.

关 键 词：时间域航空电磁 天电噪声 剪切均值滤波 去噪 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]