湘乡市某地区土壤—水稻系统镉平衡源解析  

Analysis of Cadmium Balance Source in Soil-rice System in a Certain Area of Xiangxiang City

作　　者：唐盛爽 蒋凯 黄敬 覃建军 龙坚 侯红波 彭佩钦 TANG Shengshuang;JIANG Kai;HUANG Jing;QIN Jianjun;LONG Jian;HOU Hongbo;PENG Peiqin(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学环境科学与工程学院,长沙410004

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2020年第2期365-371,共7页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD05B02);农业部财政部重大专项(农办财函[2016]6号);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2019JJ50995);湖南省重点学科建设项目(2006180)。

摘　　要：为探明我国南方典型稻田土壤Cd的输入输出特征与变化规律,以湖南省湘乡市某地区稻田为目标,探讨了3种输入途径(肥料、灌溉水和大气沉降)和2种输出途径(地表径流和稻草离田)与土壤Cd含量之间的关联。结果表明:2017—2018年和2018—2019年间Cd的净通量分别为3.226,-1.246 g/(hm^2·a),总变化量为+1.980g/(hm^2·a)。其中大气沉降是最主要的输入方式,2年间Cd输入通量分别为8.68,5.75g/(hm^2·a),平均贡献率高于94%;稻草离田是最主要的输出方式,2年间Cd输出通量分别为5.73,7.32g/(hm^2·a),平均贡献率高于97%。通过输入输出平衡分析,2年内土壤Cd含量呈现增加趋势。因此,有必要采取如稻草离田等农业管理措施以提高土壤的安全利用效率。研究结果可为该区域土壤Cd污染源阻控提供理论依据和方法参考。In order to ascertain the input and output characteristics and variation of Cadmium(Cd)in the typical paddy soils in southern China,this study took the certain rice fields of Xiangxiang City in Hunan Province as research targets to discuss the connection between three input pathways(fertilizer,irrigation water and atmospheric deposition)and two output pathways(surface runoff water and rice straw removal)and the Cd content of soil.The results showed that the net fluxes of Cd between 2017—2018 and 2018—2019 were 3.259 and-1.246 g/(hm^2·a)respectively,and the total change of Cd in two years was 2.013 g/(hm^2·a).Atmospheric deposition was the main input pathway.The net fluxes in two years were 8.68 and 5.75 g/(hm^2·a)respectively and the average contribution rate was higher by 94%.Rice straw was the main output pathway.The net fluxes in the two years were 5.73 and 7.32 g/(hm^2·a)respectively,and the average contribution rate was higher by 97%.Through the input-output equilibrium analysis,the soil Cd content showed an increasing trend within two years.Therefore,it was necessary to adopt agricultural management measures such as"straw out from field"to improve the safe use efficiency of the soil.The research results could provide theoretical basis and method for the prevention and control of soil Cd pollution sources in this region.

关 键 词：源解析 Cd净通量 稻田土壤 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S511[农业科学—作物学]