播期对棉铃对位叶蔗糖代谢及棉铃产量性状、纤维品质的影响  

Effects of Planting Date on Sucrose Metabolism in the Leaf Subtending to Cotton Boll,Within-boll Yield Components and Fiber Quality

作　　者：陈功[1] 彭金剑 罗海华 高欣 袁长凯 殷梦瑶 向春玲 王培培 涂青华 汤飞宇[1] Chen Gong;Peng Jinjian;Luo Haihua;Gao Xin;Yuan Changkai;Yin Mengyao;Xiang Chunling;Wang Peipei;Tu Qinghua;Tang Feiyu(Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology,Ecology and Genetic Breeding,College of Agronomy,Ministry of Education,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Jiangxi Law Enforcing Department for Integrative Agriculture,Nanchang 330046,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院/作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室,南昌330045 [2]江西省农业综合行政执法总队,南昌330046

出　　处：《棉花学报》2020年第2期102-112,共11页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31560364)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨棉铃对位叶蔗糖代谢机制及棉铃产量性状、纤维品质对不同播期条件的响应。【方法】以棉铃产量性状具有明显差异的两个陆地棉品系A705和A201为供试材料,于2016―2017年进行大田试验研究,在不同播期(早播2016年4月12日,2017年4月15日;晚播2016年5月6日,2017年5月28日)条件下,研究棉铃对位叶非结构性碳水化合物(蔗糖、己糖、淀粉)和蔗糖代谢关键酶(液泡酸性转化酶、细胞壁酸性转化酶、蔗糖磷酸合成酶、蔗糖合成酶)的动态变化及差异,及不同播期对棉铃产量性状和纤维品质的影响。【结果】晚播棉铃铃期更长,铃重、单铃种子质量、籽指和纤维上半部平均长度增加,衣分和马克隆值降低。晚播导致棉铃对位叶细胞壁酸性转化酶和蔗糖合成酶活性降低,蔗糖浓度升高,可能为棉铃的发育提供了更充足的碳源。【结论】晚播相对低温条件下,棉铃发育更完全,在生产上适当晚播可以提高纤维品质。[Objective]The present study aimed to investigate how sucrose metabolism in the leaf subtending to cotton boll,within-boll yield components and fiber quality respond to varying planting dates.[Method]Two upland cotton lines A705 and A201 differing in cotton boll traits were field tested in 2016-2017.Two different planting dates were designed with early planting on April 12,2016,and April 15,2017,and late planting on May 6,2016,and May 28,2017,respectively.Dynamics of non-structural carbohydrates(sucrose,hexose,starch)and key sucrose metabolism enzymes in the leaf subtending to cotton boll were examined including vacuolar acid invertase,cell wall acid invertase,sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase.The differences between two planting dates were compared for within-boll yield components,fiber quality and sucrose metabolism related characteristics.[Result]Late planting lengthened the period of cotton boll maturation relative to early planting.Boll weight,seed mass per boll,seed index and fiber length were increased,and lint percentage and micronaire were decreased.Late planting reduced the activities of cell wall acid invertase and sucrose synthase responsible for sucrose degradation,and in turn led to the increment of sucrose concentration in the subtending leaves which might enhance the carbon supply to the opposite bolls.[Conclusion]Lower temperature due to late planting could contribute to the more full development of cotton bolls.Late planting is an alternative consideration in improvement of fiber quality in cotton cultural practices.

关 键 词：播期 棉铃对位叶 蔗糖代谢 产量性状 纤维品质 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]