初产妇孕前体重及孕期增重对新生儿体重影响  

Effect of pre-pregnancy weight and weight gain during pregnancy on neonatal weight

作　　者：邴艳菲 邱禹杉 李佳祺 戴淼[1] BING Yan fei;QIU Yu shan;LI Jia qi;DAI Miao(The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150000,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院,黑龙江哈尔滨150000

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2020年第1期26-29,共4页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解初产妇孕前体重和孕期增重对新生儿体重的影响。方法以2018年哈尔滨某医院产科无妊娠期合并症的健康初产孕妇及其单胎活产儿为研究对象,收集产妇产检和分娩记录,对产妇进行问卷调查,按照中国成人BMI范围标准对产妇进行分组,分析影响新生儿体重的相关因素及产妇孕前体重及孕期增重对新生儿体重的影响。结果本研究共对826对健康初产妇及其新生儿进行调查,初产妇平均年龄为(26.36±4.21)岁,孕前BMI平均为(22.18±3.15),文化程度以大专及以上为主,占46.12%,居住地以城镇为主,占83.41%,孕期增重均值为(15.26±4.12)kg,平均孕周为(38.83±1.08)周。在826名新生儿中,男、女性别比为1.15∶1,低出生体重儿17例(占2.1%),正常出生体重儿748名(占90.6%),巨大儿61例(占7.4%)。家庭人均月收入、孕前体重、孕期增重情况不同的产妇分娩新生儿体重差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。孕前体重、孕期增重不同的产妇分娩的新生儿体重分布差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。孕前体重、孕期增重均与新生儿出生体重呈正相关(r=0.147、0.239)。结论初产妇孕前体重、孕期增重影响新生儿出生体重,孕前肥胖与孕期增重过多易导致分娩出巨大儿的风险增加,应加强初产妇的产前健康教育。Objective To explore the effect of pre-pregnancy weight and weight gain of primiparas during preg-nancy on neonatal weight.Methods Healthy primiparous pregnant women and their single live births without obstetriccomplications were recruited from a hospital in Harbin in 2018.Records of parturient examination and delivery were col-lected,a questionnaire survey on the parturients was conducted,and the parturient women were divided into groups basedon the Chinese standard BMI for adults.Factors affecting the weight of newborn and effects of pre-pregnancy weight andweight gain during pregnancy on neonatal weight were analyzed.Results In this study,826 healthy primiparas and theirnewborns were investigated.The average age of primiparas was(26.36±4.21)years,the average BMI before pregnancywas(22.18±3.15).Of the primiparas,46.12% had the education level of college or above and 83.41% lived in the citiesor towns.The average weight gain during pregnancy was(15.26±4.12)kg,and the average gestational week was(38.83 ±1.08)weeks.Of the 826 newborns,the male to female sex ratio was 1.15∶1,17(2.1%)low birth weight,748(90.6%)normal birth weight,and 61(7.4%)macrosomia.There were statistically significant differences in family income permonth,pre-pregnancy BMI,and weight gain during pregnancy among pregnant women who gave birth to newborns(allP<0.01).There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of body weight of newborns with differentweights before pregnancy and different weights during pregnancy(all P<0.01).Both the weight before pregnancy and theweight during pregnancy were positively correlated with the birth weight of the newborns(r=0.147,0.239).Conclusion Pre-pregnancy weight and weight gain during pregnancy affected the birth weight of newborn,pre-pregnancy obesity and excessive weight gain during pregnancy were likely to increase the risk for macrosomic infant birth.Therefore,prenatalhealth education for primiparas should be strengthened.

关 键 词：初产妇 体重 孕期增重 新生儿 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]