基于模糊层次的微咸水滴灌西葫芦的最优灌水方案研究  

Optimal Irrigation Scheme of Summer Squash Drip Irrigation with Brackish Water Based on Fuzzy Hierarchy

作　　者：吕棚棚 毕远杰 孔晓燕 郭向红[3] Lv Peng-peng;BI Yuan-jie;KONG Xiao-yan;GUO Xiang-hong(Shanxi Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Taiyuan 030002,China;Yumenkou Water Conservancy Project Administration Bureau of Shanxi Province,Taiyuan 030002,China;College of Water Resource Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省水利水电科学研究院,太原030002 [2]山西省禹门口水利工程管理局,太原030002 [3]太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,太原030024

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2020年第1期19-24,共6页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51209131)。

摘　　要：为了综合评价微咸水膜下滴灌对西葫芦的影响,优选西葫芦微咸水滴灌最优灌水方案。在日光温室大棚内,以西葫芦的幼苗期、抽蔓期、开花结果期土壤水分控制范围和灌溉水矿化度为试验控制因素,采用正交试验设计,进行了9组试验处理的微咸水西葫芦膜下滴灌试验。以西葫芦产量、西葫芦需水量、生育期结束土壤含盐量和微咸水利用为评价指标,采用层次分析法确定评价指标的权重,模糊综合评价将多指标评价转换为单指标评价,并结合正交试验极差分析,得出影响试验处理综合得分的因素排序为:灌溉水矿化度>苗期土壤水分>开花结果期土壤水分>抽蔓期土壤水分;最优灌水方案是:灌溉水矿化度为3.5 g/L,苗期土壤水分控制在70%~90%θ\-FC,抽蔓期土壤水分控制在60%~80%θ\-FC,开花结果期土壤水分控制在60%~80%θ\-FC。该研究结果能综合反映微咸水滴灌对西葫芦的影响,符合使用微咸水灌溉的实际情况,可为西葫芦微咸水高效安全滴灌提供技术支持。In order to comprehensively evaluate the effect of drip irrigation with brackish water on summer squash,the optimal irrigation scheme of summer squash under drip irrigation with brackish water is preferred.In this experiment,the soil moisture control threshold of the seedling stage,creeping stage and flowering and fruiting stage of summer squash and the salinity of irrigated water were used as experimental factors,and 9 treatments of summer squash under-film drip irrigation with brackish water experiment were carried out by orthogonal design in the greenhouse.The yield of summer squash,the water requirement of summer squash,the soil salt content at the end of the growing period and the utilization of brackish water were used as the evaluation indexes.The weight of the evaluation index was determined by the analytic hierarchy process.The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation converted the multi-index evaluation into the single-index evaluation,and the experimental results were obtained by orthogonal test extreme analysis method.The results showed that the factors influencing the comprehensive score of experimental treatment were ranked as follows:irrigation water salinity>seedling stage soil water>flowering and fruiting stage soil water>tendril stage soil water;The optimal irrigation scheme was as follows:the salinity of irrigation water was 3.5 g/L,the soil moisture in the seedling stage was controlled at 70%~90%θ-FC,the soil moisture in the creeping stage was controlled at 60%~80%θ-FC,and the soil moisture in the flowering and fruiting stage was controlled at 60%~80%θ-FC.The results can reflect the effect of bra ckish water drip irrigation on summer squash,which is in line with the actual situation of using brackish water for irrigation.It can provide technical support for high efficient and safe drip irrigation with salt water.

关 键 词：西葫芦 微咸水 滴灌 层次分析法 模糊综合评价 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]