主体分歧与策略选择:工程项目社会风险博弈形塑的社会学分析  

Disagreements among Entities and Strategic Choices:Sociological Analysis of Social Risk of Engineering Project Shaped by Game

作　　者：王伯承 彭帮姣 WANG Bo-cheng;PENG Bang-jiao(Research Center for Marxist Marine Civilization and China Road,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306;School of Philosophy and Government,Shanxi Normal University,Xi'an,Shanxi 710119)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学马克思主义海洋文明与中国道路研究中心,上海201306 [2]陕西师范大学哲学与政府管理学院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《地方治理研究》2020年第2期25-40,79,共17页Local Governance Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“特大城市社会风险系统治理研究”(16ZDA083);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“工程项目社会稳定风险的差异性呈现及其精细化治理研究”(19YJC840039);上海市社会科学规划一般课题“特大城市基层矛盾纠纷化解的社会机制与复合治理研究”(2019BSH003)。

摘　　要：工程项目风险仅仅是安全事故吗?答案显然是否定的。这些工程项目除了技术上的施工安全,还内涵着社会不稳定的影响因子,它是中国迅速增多的社会风险中极具典型意义的面向。如何从纷繁复杂的社会风险事件中抽离出其内生逻辑,需要社会互动及其行动策略的客观场景的呈现。政府、公众和媒体作为利益表达的三个主要群体同处在一个博弈场内,不同的角色定位形成了不同的话语系统区隔——政府的“维稳”话语系统、公众的“民权”话语系统与媒体的“信息传导”话语系统。在信息不对称的背景下,不同主体的多元化行动策略加剧了社会风险的生产和演化。风险认知结构化导致了“精英联盟”的风险叙事和“草根与民粹”的话语言说之间的对立,最终,风险沟通失败带来了社会风险的显化。Is the risk of engineering projects merely safety accidents?The answer is obviously no.In addition to technical construction safety,engineering projects also contain factors of social instability,which is a typical aspect of China's rapidly increasing social risks.How to extract the endogenous logic from the complicated social risk events requires the presentation of objective scenarios of social interaction and its strategies.As three main groups that express interests,government,the public and the media are all in one game field,but their different roles form discourse segmentation:the government's maintenance-centered discourse system,the public's civil rights-centered discourse system,and the media's information transmission-centered discourse system.In the context of asymmetric information,the diversified action strategies of different entities have intensified the production and evolution of social risks.The structuring of risk perception has led to the confrontation between the risk narrative of the"elite alliance"and the"grassroots and populist"discourse,and ultimately,risk communication fails,bringing about the manifestation of social risks.

关 键 词：风险治理 工程项目 社会风险 社会冲突 风险认知 话语系统区隔 风险认知结构化 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理]