复杂开采环境下残矿回收方案研究与实践  

Study and Practice on Recovery Scheme of Residual Ores in Complex Mining Environment

作　　者：刘慧 赵丽军 郝显福 王忠泉[1,3] Liu Hui;Zhao Lijun;Hao Xianfu;Wang Zhongquan(Northwest Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,Baiyin 730900,China;Changba Lead-zinc Mine,Gansu Nonferrous Metal Co.,Ltd.,Longnan 742500,China;Gansu Deep Well High Efficiency Mining and Disaster Control Engineering Laboratory,Baiyin 730900,China)

机构地区：[1]西北矿冶研究院,甘肃白银730900 [2]甘肃厂坝有色金属有限公司厂坝铅锌矿,甘肃陇南742500 [3]甘肃省深井高效开采与灾变控制工程实验室,甘肃白银730900

出　　处：《金属矿山》2020年第3期28-35,共8页Metal Mine

摘　　要：针对小厂坝矿区残矿因滞留时间长,矿岩在蠕变(静力)和循环荷载(动力)及其他因素的共同作用下,部分矿柱发生破坏的情况,分析了开采环镜的复杂性;以现场勘查及理论计算为主要手段,确定了残矿回收区域的矿房极限跨度、间柱宽度、顶柱厚度等采场结构参数;开展了残矿资源回收方案研究,提出了间柱内深孔凿岩分层爆破、上下盘脉外深孔凿岩分层爆破及下盘脉外深孔凿岩分层爆破3种回采方案,通过方案论证优化,确定采用下盘脉外深孔凿岩分层爆破的回采方案。另外,针对残采区域无法进行正常的采准工程布置,无法形成正常的底部受矿通道(底部结构)的问题,结合采矿环境再造理念,对残采区域的底部结构进行了采矿环境再造,确定了底部结构形式和参数。试验表明:该区域采矿回收率较高且生产安全,为矿山其他区域回收残矿资源积累了经验,经济效益和社会效益显著。Aiming at the situation that some ore pills which in Xiaochangba Mining Area has already broken because of the creep(static)and the cyclic loading of the stress(dynamic)and other multiple factors which is resulted by long-time detention of the residual ore,the analysis of the complex condition has been done.With the field work and theory analysis as the main study methods,some main structure factors has been decided such as the maximum span of the residual ore area,the width between the pillars,and the thickness of the top-pillar.With the study of the residual ore mining project,there are three mining schemes has been raised to conduct further analysis,which are studding-inside deep hole drilling and layer blasting mining scheme,deep hole drilling and layer blasting in foot and roof wall mining scheme,and deep drilling and layer blasting scheme outside vein of the foot wall.Finally,the mining scheme of deep drilling and layer blasting outside vein of the foot wall has been chosen as the optimal mining method.Furthermore,aiming with the problem of the bottom receiving channel(bottom structure)failed to be normally developed caused by the layout of mining preparation engineering with abnormal travel.combined with the concept of mining environment reconstruction,the mining environment reconstruction of the bottom struction in the residual ore area is done,the form and parameters of the bottom structure are determined.The study results show that the mining recovery rate of the area is higher than other areas and the mining operation is more safety,which can accumulate experience for the recovery of residual resources in other areas of the mine,the economic benefits and cosical benefits are both significant.

关 键 词：残矿回收 滞留时间 采矿环境再造 方案论证 

分 类 号：TD853[矿业工程—金属矿开采]