北京某高校男性运动人群春季饮水量排尿量与水合状态分析  

Fluids intake,volume of urine and hydration status among male college athletics in one university of Beijing in spring

作　　者：李亦斌 张娜[1] 何海蓉[1] 严翊[2] 张建芬[1] 马冠生[1,3] LI Yibin;ZHANG Na;HE Hairong;YAN Yi;ZHANG Jianfen;MA Guansheng(Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing(100191),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系,北京100191 [2]北京体育大学 [3]北京大学食品安全毒理学研究与评价北京市重点实验室

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2020年第3期337-340,344,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81673146)。

摘　　要：目的调查并分析北京市某高校男性运动人群春季饮水量、排尿量与水合状态,为后期开展针对性的饮水宣教提供科学依据。方法采用简单随机抽样方法抽取北京市某高校男性运动人群109名,采用连续7 d 24 h饮水记录法调查其饮水量,采用双份饭法与称重法,对研究对象食用的食物进行称重采样送检,调查其食物水摄入量,收集调查对象连续3 d的尿液,记录其排尿量并进行检测,使用训练计划估算其每周运动训练的能量消耗。结果调查对象整体每日饮水量的中位数为1 789 m L,每日食物水摄入量的中位数为955 m L,每日总水摄入量的中位数为2 701 m L,每日24 h排尿量的中位数为850 m L,15.6%的研究对象处于适宜水合状态,43.1%处于脱水状态。不同体脂率(BF%)、体质量指数(BMI)等级的研究对象每日饮水量、食物水摄入量、总水摄入量与排尿量差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。不同运动训练能量消耗等级的研究对象每日饮水量、总水摄入量差异均有统计学意义(χ^2值分别为9.20,8.43,P值均<0.05)。结论相比普通人群,北京市某高校男性运动人群的每日饮水量与总水摄入量较高,排尿量较低,且存在水合状态较差的现象,应对其进行针对性的饮水宣教。Objective To investigate and analyze the fluids intake,urine output and hydration status during spring among male college athletics from one university in Beijing,and to provide scientific evidence for launching targeted health education.Methods A simple random sampling method was used to select 109 male students in college with habit of exercise.Total drinking fluids was assessed by 7-day 24-hour fluid intake questionnaire. The water from food was assessed by the duplicate portion method and the weight method. The urine samples of 24-hour was collected for 3 consecutive days,and the volume,osmolality and specific gravity of urine were measured. The energy expenditure in exercise was estimated by using the exercise plan. Results The median drinking fluids intake,water from food,total fluids intake and urine volume were 1 789,955,2 701,850 m L/d,respectively.15.6% of the subjects were in proper hydration status,and 43. 1% of the subjects were in dehydration. The differences between drinking fluids intake,water from food,total fluids intake and urine volume of subjects in the different BMI and BF% levels were not significant( P>0.05). The differences between drinking fluids intake and total fluids intake of subjects in the different energy expenditure in exercise levels were significant( χ^2= 9.20,8.43,P<0.05). Conclusion Comparing with the normal college students,the drinking fluids intake and total fluids intake of male sports people were higher,the volume of urine was lower,and the hydration status was worse. The targeted health education about water intake was recommended.

关 键 词：饮水 排尿 水合状态 男(雄)性 健康促进 学生 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] G647.9[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]