松花江流域哈尔滨段最小生态用地需求研究  

Minimum Ecological Land Demand in Harbin Region of Songhuajiang Watershed

作　　者：盖兆雪 孙萍[2] 张景奇[2] GAI Zhaoxue;SUN Ping;ZHANG Jingqi(Sc hool of Public Administration and Law,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Institute of Land Management,Northeast University,Shenyang 110169,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学公共管理与法学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]东北大学土地管理研究所,沈阳110169

出　　处：《地域研究与开发》2020年第2期132-136,共5页Areal Research and Development

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(15CGL078);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2019D003)。

摘　　要：在分析1986-2017年松花江流域哈尔滨段生态用地格局演变的基础上,采用改进的生态足迹模型测算维持生态系统平衡的最小生态用地面积。结果表明:1986-2017年研究区生态用地面积呈下降趋势,转移速率变化由大到小依次为其他生态用地、水域、耕地、草地、林地,且1996-2006年生态用地活跃程度最高;1996-2017年耕地的空间稳定性最好,林地和水域次之,其他生态用地的空间稳定性最差;研究区生态系统服务供需失衡,2017年人均生态盈余为-0.82110 hm^2/人,出现了生态赤字,维持生态系统平衡需要4919.32 km^2耕地或3330.13 km^2草地或1382.03 km^2林地或856.95 km^2水域。最后,提出退耕还林、其他生态用地还林、非生态用地转耕地3种生态用地调整战略。In this paper,characteristics of ecological land evolution from 1986 to 2017 were analyzed in Harbin region of Songhuajiang watershed,then the minimum ecological land area for maintaining ecosystem balance was calculated using improved ecological footprint model.The results showed that:The area of ecological land in the study area showed a downward trend from 1986 to 2017.Transfer velocity performed as follows:other ecological land>water area>cultivated land>grassland>woodland,and the highest active degree of ecological land is observed from 1996 to 2006;From 1996 to 2017,the spatial stability of cultivated land is the best,followed by that of woodland and water area,and that of other ecological land is the worst;Supply and demand of ecosystem services are out of balance,with the per capita ecological surplus value-0.82110 hm^2/person in 2017,exhibited the phenomenon of ecological deficit.Maintaining ecosystem balance requires 4919.32 km^2 cultivated land or 3330.13 km^2 grassland or 1382.03 km^2 woodland or 8856.95 km^2 water area.Therefore,three kinds of adjustment strategies about ecological land are proposed in this study:cultivated land be converted back to forest land;or other ecological land be converted back to forest land;or non-ecological land be converted to cultivated land.

关 键 词：生态用地 格局演变 最小生态用地 松花江流域哈尔滨段 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济] X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]