金属材料在极高应变率下的力学性能测试  

Determination of the Mechanical Properties of Metals at Very High Strain Rates

作　　者：王子豪 郑航[1] 文鹤鸣[1] WANG Zihao;ZHENG Hang;WEN Heming(CAS Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230027,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学中科院材料力学行为和设计重点实验室,安徽合肥230027

出　　处：《高压物理学报》2020年第2期65-72,共8页Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics

摘　　要：金属材料广泛应用于国防工业和民用工程中,了解金属材料在强动载荷作用下的力学性能对武器和防护结构的设计和评估具有重要意义。通过在二级轻气炮上进行平板撞击实验,测定了93钨合金和921A钢在极高应变率下的动态屈服强度,详细介绍了实验的设计原理和实验数据的分析方法,并利用公式对93钨合金和921A钢的动态屈服强度进行分析。实验结果表明:93钨合金在应变率(冲击压力)分别为1.7×105 s^?1(49.5 GPa)和3.1×105 s^?1(84.1 GPa)下的屈服强度分别为2.10 GPa和2.78 GPa;921A钢在应变率(冲击压力)为3.6×105 s^?1(38.1 GPa)、4.7×105 s^?1(62.4 GPa)和6.2×105 s^?1(90.1 GPa)下的屈服强度分别为2.08、2.67和3.15 GPa;在极高应变率下93钨合金和921A钢的动态增强因子为2~3。Metals are widely used in the defense industry and civil engineering and an understanding of the mechanical properties of metals under intense dynamic loadings is of great significance for the design and assessment of weapons and protective structures.In this paper,the dynamic yield strengths(HELs)of 93 tungsten alloy and 921A steel at very high strain rates are determined by plate impact tests using a two-stage light gas gun system.The paper consists of three parts:firstly,the basic principle of the plate impact experiment is briefly introduced;secondly,the experimental data is analyzed in some details;finally,the dynamic yield strengths of 93 tungsten alloy and 921A steel at very high strain rates are determined.The experimental results show that the dynamic yield strengths of 93 tungsten alloy at strain rates of 1.7×105 s^?1 and 3.1×105 s^?1 are 2.10 GPa and 2.78 GPa respectively and the dynamic yield strengths of 921A steel at strain rates of 3.6×105 s^?1,4.7×105 s^?1 and 6.2×105 s^?1 are 2.08 GPa,2.67 GPa and 3.15 GPa,respectively.The experimental results also show that the dynamic increase factors for 93 tungsten alloy and 921A steel at very high strain rates are between 2 and 3.

关 键 词：平板撞击 93钨合金 921A钢 应变率 动态屈服强度 

分 类 号：O347.3[理学—固体力学]