城市公共场所大型活动拥挤踩踏事故的风险评估与防控——基于事故机理的分析  

Risk Assessment of Crowded Stampede Accident in Large-scale Events in Urban Public Places

作　　者：彭文静[1] Peng Wenjing(Shaanxi Police College,Xi'an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西警官职业学院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《湖北警官学院学报》2020年第1期22-30,共9页Journal of Hubei University of Police

基　　金：陕西省教育厅专项科学研究项目“旅游景区大型活动公共安全风险评估与管理研究”(18JK0958)。

摘　　要：城市公共场所大型活动拥挤踩踏事故的发生、发展和演化有其规律性。依据风险理论和事故致因理论,从城市公共场所大型活动拥挤踩踏事故的致因机理及人群运动规律和事故发展演变规律方面分析发现,拥挤踩踏事故风险与场所聚集总人数、现场滞留人数、死亡人数及事故触发因子之间存在一定的函数关系,人群聚集是大型活动事故风险产生和发展演变的根源。应预先了解人群结构,严格控制人群流量与密度,及时疏导拥挤人群,提升人群安全能力,从人群管理方面加强对城市公共场所大型活动拥挤踩踏事故风险的防控。The occurrence,development and evolution of large-scale stampede accidents in urban public places have its regularity.According to the risk theory and accident cause theory,it is found that there is a functional relationship between the risk of crowded stampede accident and the total number of people gathered at the site,the number of people detained at the scene,the number of deaths and the trigger factors of the accident based on the analysis of the cause mechanism,crowd movement rule and the development rule of the accident,crowd gathering is the root cause of the occurrence and development of large event accident risk.We should understand population structure in advance,control the crowd flow and density strictly,dredge the crowd in time,improve crowd safety capability,and thus strengthen the prevention and control of the risk of stampede in large-scale activities in urban public places from the aspect of crowd management.

关 键 词：公共场所 大型活动 拥挤踩踏事故 人群管理 风险评估 风险防控 

分 类 号：X928[环境科学与工程—安全科学]