清季民初哈尔滨警政制度的建立与沿革  

The Establishment and Evolution of Harbin Police System in the Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China

作　　者：李博强 LI Bo-qiang(Huizhou University,Huizhou 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]惠州学院政法学院,广东惠州430072

出　　处：《哈尔滨学院学报》2020年第3期69-74,共6页Journal of Harbin University

摘　　要：清季时期,沙俄修筑中东铁路,规划建设哈尔滨,以哈尔滨为基地攫取东北地区的政治、经济权益。为维护所取得的利益,沙俄设立军警制度,对哈尔滨进行殖民统治。与此同时,清政府为抵制沙俄向哈尔滨外缘地区扩张,独立建立警政,对哈尔滨周边地区进行管理。民国初期,哈尔滨警政机构进行重构,并以十月革命为契机,逐步收回警政权力,进行警务拓展,完善警政制度,同时警察教育与培养也成为哈尔滨警政建设的重要内容。纵观哈尔滨警政制度的建立,既是清季民初时期除旧布新历史大背景下的一个支脉,同时又具有独具一格的发展形态。During the Qing Dynasty,Russia built the Middle East Railway,planned to construct Harbin,and seized the political and economic rights and interests of Northeast China based on Harbin.In order to safeguard the interests gained,the Tsarist Russia set up a military police system to colonize Harbin.At the same time,in order to resist the expansion of Tsarist Russia to the outer edge of Harbin,the Qing government independently established police administration and managed the surrounding areas of Harbin.In the early period of the Republic of China,Harbin police and political institutions were restructured.Taking the opportunity of the October Revolution,Harbin police and political power was gradually recovered;police expansion was carried out;and police and political system was improved.Meanwhile,police education and training became an important part of Harbin police and political construction.Throughout the establishment of Harbin police system,it is not only a branch under the background of eliminating the old and setting up the new in the Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,but also has a unique form of development.

关 键 词：清季民初 哈尔滨 警政制度 警察 

分 类 号：D691.6[政治法律—政治学]