羊肚菌营养袋制作原料的化学成分分析及配方优化  

Chemical composition analysis and formula optimization of exogenous nutrient bag for morel cultivation

作　　者：苗人云[1,2] 刘天海 罗建华[3] 唐利民 黄忠乾[1,2] 彭卫红[1,2] 甘炳成 谭昊[1,2,4] Miao Renyun;Liu Tianhai;Luo Jianhua;Tang Limin;Huang Zhongqian;Peng Weihong;Gan Bingcheng;Tan Hao(Soil and Fertilizer Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610066,China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China,Ministry of Agriculture,Chengdu 610066,China;Sichuan Jindi Mushroom Company,Chengdu 610066,China;College of Biological Engineering,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214062,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,成都610066 [2]农业部西南区域农业微生物资源利用科学观测实验站,成都610066 [3]四川金地菌类有限责任公司,成都610066 [4]江南大学生物工程学院,江苏无锡214062

出　　处：《食药用菌》2020年第2期112-118,共7页Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms

基　　金：公益性行业专项(201503137);国家自然科学基金(31901119);四川省应用基础项目(2018JY0637);四川省创新提升工程(2019LWJJ-009)。

摘　　要：为优化羊肚菌营养袋的原料组成与配比,以食药用菌栽培基质中常用的4种秸秆及谷壳、麦粒、麦麸,通过主成分分析归纳各原料的营养组成属性,设计出9个营养袋配方进行栽培试验,比较出菇产量,得出高产营养袋原料组合为谷壳和麦粒;再以谷壳与麦粒按11种不同的重量比混合制成营养袋进行栽培试验,综合考量制作成本、出菇产量、经济效益等因素后,最终得到高产高效的羊肚菌营养袋配方(重量比)为谷壳19%、麦粒79%、石灰1%、石膏1%。To optimize the constituents and proportion of the ingredients used in exogenous nutrient bags,this study analyzed the chemical composition of several main ingredients routinely used in cultivation substrates,including straws of four crops,rice husks,wheat grains,and wheat bran.Using principal component analysis,the ingredients were classified by their nutritional attributes.Nine formula were developed and compared in cultivation and fruiting.It was revealed that wheat grains plus rice husks was an ingredient combination for making exogenous nutrient bags with high fruiting yield.Further,rice husks were blended with wheat grains at eleven different ratios by weight,making exogenous nutrient bags used in cultivation experiments respectively.Taking into account the cost for making exogenous nutrient bags,fruiting yield,and profit,a high-yield and high-profit formula for making exogenous nutrient bags was finally obtained:rice husks,wheat grains,lime,and gypsum,blended at a ratio of 1.9:7.9:0.1:0.1 by weight.

关 键 词：羊肚菌 营养袋 化学成分 碳氮比 配方优化 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]