大型燃煤电站锅炉能效评价与节能分析  

Energy Efficiency Assessment of Large Capacity Coal-fired Boiler Based on Exergy Analysis

作　　者：王卫良 王玉召[3] 吕俊复[2] 邵文君[4] 迟忠君 张戟[5] WANG Weiliang;WANG Yuzhao;LYU Junfu;SHAO Wenjun;CHI Zhongjun;ZHANG Ji(Energy and Power Research Center,International School of Energy,Jinan University,Zhuhai 519070,China;Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Chengde Petroleum College,Chengde 067000,China;State Grid Beijing Electric Power Company,Beijing 100031,China;Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110006,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学能源电力研究中心(国际能源学院),广东珠海519070 [2]热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室(清华大学),北京100084 [3]承德石油高等专科学校,河北承德067000 [4]国网北京市电力公司,北京100031 [5]国网辽宁省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,辽宁沈阳110006

出　　处：《中国电力》2020年第4期177-185,共9页Electric Power

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFB0600205);国家电网有限公司科技项目(52020119000Q)。

摘　　要：为了分析燃煤发电能量转化与传递过程中的能效情况,挖掘燃煤发电机组的节能减排潜力,利用热平衡和[火用]平衡的对比分析,揭示燃煤发电过程热损失和[火用]损失的内在联系,进而揭示燃煤发电过程节能潜力的分布情况。基于节能潜力分布情况,深入讨论采用空气分级提高热风温度、富氧燃烧、降低过量空气系数和提高主蒸汽/再热蒸汽参数等节能技术方案,以确定分别降低燃烧[火用]损失、传热[火用]损失以及其他主要[火用]损失的效果。研究表明,提高热风温度、提高空气含氧量、提高主蒸汽/再热蒸汽温度、提高主蒸汽压力等方案,可分别降低燃煤发电机组供电煤耗6~9、6~10、11和5~12g/(kW·h),为燃煤发电节能减排技术的进一步发展指明方向。In order to study the efficiency in energy conversion and transformation process in coal-fired power generation,and to take advantage of the energy conservation potential,on the basis of the analysis and comparison of the heat balance and exergy balance,the intrinsic relationship between the heat loss and exergy loss is disclosed such that the breakdown of energy conservation potential in the entire process of coal-fired power generation were assessed.Accordingly,the approaches such as increasing the hot air temperature,using oxy combustion,decreasing the excess air coefficient and improving the steam conditions are investigated in depth to evaluate their effects on exergy losses in combustion process,steam heat transfer,air preheating heat transfer,and so on.It is found out that,increasing the hot air temperature,application of oxy combustion,improving the steam temperature and pressure could reduce the net coal consumption by 6~9,6~10,11,and 5~12 g/(kW·h)respectively.These conclusions could provide the guidance for the direction of further development of energy conservation technologies in coal-fired power industry.

关 键 词：燃煤锅炉 节能 [火用] 分级预热 富氧燃烧 高参数 

分 类 号：TM621.2[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]