间充质干细胞源性外泌体在骨科疾病治疗中的作用与应用前景  

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in the treatment of orthopedic diseases:roles and prospects

作　　者：李嘉[1] 王智慧[1] 吴迪[1] 赵杨[2] Li Jia;Wang Zhihui;Wu Di;Zhao Yang(Department of Joint Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College,Chengde 067000,Hebei Province,China;Department of Pathology,Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College,Chengde 067000,Hebei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]承德医学院附属医院关节外科,河北省承德市067000 [2]承德医学院附属医院病理科,河北省承德市067000

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2020年第25期4068-4072,共5页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：背景:间充质干细胞源性外泌体具有多种与间充质干细胞相似的生物学功能。近年来大量研究证实干细胞源性外泌体可在诸如心肌、肝脏、皮肤等损伤修复中发挥重要作用,有望成为新的疾病诊疗方法,但其在骨科领域应用相对较少,值得深入研究和探索。目的:综述间充质干细胞源性外泌体用于骨及软组织损伤修复的最新研究成果及治疗进展。方法:以“间充质干细胞,外泌体,骨,软骨,椎间盘,关节炎,神经,肌腱”为中文检索词,检索中国知网数据库,以“mesenchymal stem cells,exosomes,bone cartilage,arthritis,intervertebral disc,tendon,nerve”为英文检索词,检索PubMed数据库,检索语种为中文和英文,共检索文献388篇,依据纳入和排除标准,最终纳入相关文献50篇。结果与结论:①间充质干细胞源性外泌体在一定条件下能够促进软骨细胞和成骨细胞生成,延缓骨关节炎进程;②间充质干细胞源性外泌体通过抗氧化和抗炎作用改善椎间盘退变;③间充质干细胞源性外泌体可通过多种途径促进骨折愈合,是潜在的促骨折愈合生物学材料。BACKGROUND:Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes have many biological functions similar to mesenchymal stem cells.In recent years,a large number of studies have confirmed that stem cell-derived exosomes can play an important role in the repair of injuries such as myocardium,liver,skin and so on,which are expected to become a new method of disease diagnosis and treatment.However,its application in orthopedics is little reported,which deserves further study and exploration.OBJECTIVE:To review the latest research results and new advances in the use of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in bone and soft tissue injury repair.METHODS:CNKI and PubMed databases were retrieved with the keywords of“mesenchymal stem cells,Exosomes,bone cartilage,arthritis,intervertebral disc,tendon,nerve”in Chinese and English,respectively.Initially,388 articles were retrieved,and 50 eligible articles were finally included.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes can promote the formation of chondrocytes and osteoblasts under certain conditions,and it can also retard the progression of osteoarthritis.The mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes can improve intervertebral disc degeneration through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.The mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome is a potential biomaterial for promoting fracture healing through a variety of pathways.

关 键 词：间充质干细胞 外泌体 骨 软骨 椎间盘 软骨细胞 成骨细胞 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318[医药卫生—临床医学]