干细胞及其外泌体治疗早发性卵巢功能不全的研究进展  

Research Progress of Stem Cells and Exosomes Derived from Stem Cells in the Treatment of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency

作　　者：刘梦宇 吴氢凯(审校)[1] LIU Meng-yu;WU Qing-kai(Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People′s Hospital,Shanghai 200233,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学附属第六人民医院妇产科,200233

出　　处：《国际妇产科学杂志》2020年第2期217-222,共6页Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81550008,81771523)。

摘　　要：早发性卵巢功能不全(premature ovarian insufficiency,POI)是导致女性不孕的重要原因,严重影响患者的身心健康。POI发病原因复杂,近年来发病率逐年上升,且发病年龄趋于年轻化。临床主要采用激素替代治疗,尚无有效根治方法。目前,多种类型的干细胞及其外泌体(exosomes)已应用于治疗POI临床前的实验研究中,并取得一定疗效。干细胞可分为胚胎干细胞和成体干细胞,胚胎干细胞因其伦理争议在临床治疗中受到限制。外泌体可由干细胞分泌,并可携带微小RNA(miRNA)、长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)、生长因子等多种物质,发挥与亲代细胞相似的生物学功能。总结干细胞及其外泌体在POI治疗方面的进展及其可能存在的作用机制,提出其在该领域新的发展前景。Premature ovarian insufficiency(POI)is an important cause of female infertility,which seriously affects the physical and mental health of POI patients.The pathogenesis of POI was complex,the incidence of POI is increasing each year and tends to increase with advancing age.Hormone replacement therapy was mainly used in clinic,but there was no effectively radical treatment method yet.A variety of stem cells and exosomes had been applied in the treatment of POI and achieved a certain effect.Stem cells include embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells.Embryonic stem cells are restricted in the clinic therapy because of its ethical controversy.Exosomes can be secreted by stem cells and hold similar function as their parental cells by transferring miRNA,lncRNA and cytokines.In this paper,the progress of stem cells and their exosomes in the treatment of POI and the possible mechanism of action were summarized,which could provide a new prospect in this field.

关 键 词：原发性卵巢功能不全 干细胞 间质干细胞移植 外泌体 

分 类 号：R711.75[医药卫生—妇产科学]