基于动态NDSI阈值的每日积雪监测方法  

Method for Monitoring Daily Snow Cover based on Dynamic NDSI Thresholds

作　　者：孙玉燕 张磊 卢善龙 刘红超 SUN Yuyan;ZHANG Lei;LU Shanlong;LIU Hongchao(Key Laboratory of Digital Earth,Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;School of Electronic,Electrical and Communication Engineering,University of ChineseAcademy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院数字地球重点实验室,北京100094 [2]中国科学院大学电子电气与通信工程学院,北京100049

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2020年第2期298-307,共10页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0405802)。

摘　　要：准确掌握积雪覆盖信息对于气象、水文和全球气候变化研究都具有重要的意义。遥感技术在进行大范围、高频率的积雪覆盖监测中发挥着重要的作用。目前,SNOMAP算法是用于积雪遥感监测最普遍的技术手段,其核心是利用固定阈值的归一化差分积雪指数(Normalized Difference Snow Index,NDSI)进行积雪识别,但这种方法忽略了积雪光谱信息的时相变化,会产生积雪监测的误差。本文提出了一种动态NDSI阈值方法,以纯永久积雪像元的平均NDSI值作为参照系调整固定的NDSI阈值,从而削减影像光谱值波动对积雪识别的影响。以三江源地区作为研究区域,将基于每日MODIS数据进行积雪监测最佳的NDSI阈值与同日纯永久积雪像元的平均NDSI值作线性回归,通过每日纯永久积雪像元平均NDSI值的变化来调整用于积雪识别的NDSI阈值。结果表明:①基于每日MODIS数据进行积雪覆盖监测最佳的NDSI阈值与同日纯永久积雪像元的平均NDSI值之间存在较好的线性关系,决定系数R^2达到0.86;②三江源地区动态NDSI阈值的范围为0.29~0.37,其平均值在0.33左右,说明MODIS全球积雪面积产品中将NDSI阈值取为0.40会低估三江源地区的积雪面积;③与采用固定NDSI阈值0.33的监测方法相比,动态NDSI阈值法近似率、总体分类精度和F值的平均值分别提高了5.17%、0.70%、1.14%。Accurate snow cover information is of great significance to the study of meteorology, hydrology, and global climate change. Remote sensing techniques play an important role in large-scale and high-frequency snow cover monitoring. Nowadays, SNOMAP algorithm is the most common method for remote sensing monitoring of snow,which mainly uses fixed NDSI(Normalized Difference Snow Index) thresholds to identify snow. However, this method ignores the temporal variations of snow spectral information, leading to monitoring errors of snow cover. In this study, we proposed an adjusted method to monitor snow cover by dynamic NDSI thresholds. This method adjusts fixed NDSI thresholds by using the average NDSI value of pure permanent snow as reference to reduce the influence of spectral fluctuations. Snow cover in the Sanjiangyuan area was identified and monitored by this method.There were four steps:(1) OLI and MODIS data of the same region, the same period and cloud-free were selected.The OLI NDSI threshold of the best snow cover recognition was determined by human-computer interaction.(2) The snow area monitored based on OLI data was used as the true value of the ground to calibrate the optimal MODIS NDSI threshold on the same day.(3) The average NDSI value of the pure permanent snow in the Sanjiangyuan area on the same day was counted. The elevation of the pure permanent snow pixels was more than 5800 meters and the FSC(Fractional Snow Cover) of them was 100%.(4) The functional relationship between the optimal MODIS NDSI threshold and the average NDSI value of the pure permanent snow was established. The dynamic MODIS NDSI threshold was obtained by the linear regression and varied with the average NDSI value of pure permanent snow. Results show that:(1) Based on daily MODIS data, there was a good linear relationship between the optimal NDSI threshold for snow cover monitoring and the average NDSI value of pure permanent snow on the same day,and the determinant coefficient R^2 reached 0.86.(2) The dynamic NDSI thresholds of S

关 键 词：积雪监测 动态NDSI 阈值 纯永久积雪 时相变化 监测精度 三江源 

分 类 号：P426.635[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]