移民型城市社会空间演变及形成机制研究--以珠海市为例  

The Structure and Formation Mechanism of Socio-Spatial Evolution in the Immigration City:A Case Study of Zhuhai

作　　者：吴志刚 刘樱[1] 周春山[1] WU Zhigang;LIU Ying;ZHOU Chunshan(School of Geography and Planning,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;Planning and Land Bureau of Hengqin New Area in Zhuhai,Zhuhai 519031,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广州510275 [2]珠海市横琴新区规划国土局,珠海519031

出　　处：《华南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第2期77-90,共14页Journal of South China Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(17BRK010)。

摘　　要：利用主成分分析法,选取表征珠海市社会空间的人口、家庭、住房和职业等方面的指标,提取了珠海市社会空间特征的主成分;利用系统聚类法,依据主成分对珠海市社会空间划分了不同类型,并分析社会空间特征的形成机制.主要结论如下:(1)流动人口和本地多代户作为2个主要的持续性因子,其两者的异同和相互作用是珠海市社会空间差异和演变的主要动因;(2)虽然珠海市社会空间重构呈现一定的融合趋势,但主要是基于老城区的社会区更新演替,在空间上呈现了较强的圈层状分布和居住隔离现象,高学历人口集中分布在城市核心区,而低技术型的务工人员和农村人口处于城市的边缘区域;(3)随着城市框架的拉大和社会经济的发展,以工业、高教园区和城市副中心为载体的"飞地",重新塑造了珠海市社会空间结构;(4)与非移民城市相比,移民城市外来人口对主因子构成和社会空间分区类型划分的影响更为强烈,在空间分布上更为广泛;(5)自然条件和历史因素、城市规划、制度变革及人口要素的流动等方面共同形成了珠海市社会空间演变的机制.Population,family,housing,occupation and other indicators are selected to extract the principal compo-nents of the characteristics of social areas in Zhuhai by means of the principal component analysis.With the cluster analysis,different types of social areas in Zhuhai are classified according to the principal components,and then the formation mechanism of social area evolution is analyzed.The main conclusions are as follows.First,transient popula-tion and local multi-generation households are two persistent main factors.The differences and interaction between them are the main reasons for the spatial characteristics and the evolution of Zhuhai's social areas.Second,the trend of integration in the evolution of Zhuhai's social areas is mainly based on the renewal and expansion of social areas in the old city area.A strong layer structure and residential segregation are present,i.e.,the highly educated population is concentrated in the core area while the low-skilled migrant workers and the rural population are in the fringe of the city.Third,with the urban expansion and economic development,the industrial parks,higher educa-tion parks and urban sub-centers have greatly affected the spatial structure of Zhuhai's social areas.Fourth,com-pared with non-immigrant cities,the migrant population has a stronger influence on the main factors and the divi-sion of social areas and has a wider spatial distribution in Zhuhai.Finally,the mechanism of the socio-spatial evo-lution in Zhuhai is composed of the natural conditions and historical factors,urban planning,institutional change and the flow of population.

关 键 词：移民型城市 珠海市 社会区演变 形成机制 

分 类 号：K901.2[历史地理—人文地理学]