叶面喷施ABA和PDJ对‘巨峰’葡萄果实着色及品质的影响  

Effects of foliar application of ABA and PDJ on the coloration and quality of‘Kyoho’grape berry

作　　者：李芳菲 王莎 谷世超 程大伟[2] 顾红[2] 李明[2] 陈锦永[2] 杨英军[1] LI Fangfei;WANG Sha;GU Shichao;CHENG Dawei;GU Hong;LI Ming;CHEN Jinyong;YANG Yingjun(Forestry College,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,Henan,China;Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学林学院,河南洛阳471023 [2]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009

出　　处：《果树学报》2020年第3期362-370,共9页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金—葡萄细胞分裂素响应调节因子VvRR2在坐果与幼果发育中的功能分析(31701893);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610192019502);河南省大宗水果产业技术体系(S2014-11)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究叶面喷施脱落酸(ABA)和二氢茉莉酸丙酯(PDJ)对‘巨峰’葡萄果实着色及品质的影响。【方法】在果实转色初期和中期,使用不同浓度ABA(A1:10 mg·L^-1、A2:25 mg·L^-1、A3:50 mg·L^-1)和PDJ(P1:5 mg·L^-1、P2:10mg·L^-1、P3:25 mg·L^-1)对‘巨峰’葡萄进行叶面喷施处理,并分析不同处理下成熟果实花色苷、叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸和类黄酮含量,以及穗重、单粒重等指标的差异,通过主成分分析对葡萄果实着色指标和内在品质进行综合评价,以确定最适宜的ABA和PDJ施用浓度。【结果】不同浓度ABA和PDJ处理均能显著增加果皮花色苷含量,降低叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量,提高了颜色指数(CIRG)和红绿色差指标(a^*),并降低果实亮度(L^*)和黄蓝色差指标(b^*),从而提高果实着色程度;果穗重、单粒重增大,可溶性固形物和果皮类黄酮含量显著上升,但对果实可滴定酸无影响。【结论】不同处理的效果综合评价依次为A2>P2>A1>A3>P1>P3>CK,在所有处理中,A2处理对于促进果实着色以及提高果实品质的效果最好,P2处理次之,ABA处理效果整体上优于PDJ处理。【Objective】Fruit color is one of the most important sensory quality indicators of colored grapes,but in actual production,the fruit may be poorly colored due to various internal or external factors.Application of plant growth regulators(PGR)in grapes is an effective means to improve fruit coloration.In order to explore the effects of foliar application of abscisic acid(ABA)and prohydrojasmon(PDJ)on the coloration and quality of‘Kyoho’grape berries,this experiment used different concentrations of ABA and PDJ for‘Kyoho’grapes at veraison,and analyzed indicators related to grape coloration and quality.The propose of the study was to select the appropriate concentration of ABA and PDJ for improving‘Kyoho’grape coloration.【Methods】Foliar spray treatments of‘Kyoho’grape were carried out with different concentrations of ABA(A1:10 mg·L^-1,A2:25 mg·L^-1,and A3:50 mg·L^-1)and PDJ(P1:5 mg·L^-1,P2:10 mg·L^-1,and P3:25 mg·L^-1)in the early and middle stages of ripening,and effects on anthocyanins,chlorophyll,carotenoids,soluble solids,titratable acids and flavonoids contents of berries,as well as on bunch weight and berry weight of mature grape were analyzed.【Results】With the berries matured,the degree of fruit coloration,color index of red grape(CIRG)and color component of redness and greenness(a*)increased,while surface light brightness(L^*)and color component of yellowness and blueness(b^*)decreased.Except for P3,all the other treatments increased the degree of fruit coloration,CIRG,a^*value and decreased L^*and b*values,indicating that both ABA and PDJ were effective to improve fruit coloration.Among the treatments,A2 and P2 were the best(p<0.05).As the fruit ripened,anthocyanins accumulated,while chlorophyll and carotenoid contents gradually decreased.ABA reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in‘Kyoho’grape and promoted the synthesis of anthocyanins,with A2 being the best(p<0.05).PDJ had the same effect,P2 was the best to promote berry coloration(p<0.05).After ABA and PDJ treat

关 键 词：'巨峰’葡萄 脱落酸(ABA) 二氢茉莉酸丙酯(PDJ) 果实着色 品质 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]