外源褪黑素对干旱胁迫下大豆鼓粒期生理和产量的影响  

Effects of exogenous melatonin on physiology and yield of soybean during seed filling stage under drought stress

作　　者：邹京南 于奇[1] 金喜军[1] 王明瑶 秦彬 任春元[1] 王孟雪[1] 张玉先[1] ZOU Jing-Nan;YU Qi;JIN Xi-Jun;WANG Ming-Yao;QIN Bin;REN Chun-Yuan;WANG Meng-Xue;ZHANG Yu-Xian(College of Agronomy,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《作物学报》2020年第5期745-758,共14页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201000);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-04-01A);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C2017049);黑龙江省农垦总局重点科研计划项目(HNK135-02-06);国家重点研究开发项目子课题“东北地区抗旱灌溉与优质高产春大豆关系的研究”项目(2018YFD1000905)资助。

摘　　要：干旱胁迫降低大豆产量,探究提高大豆耐旱能力和降低产量损失的机制对大豆生产具有重要意义。施褪黑素能缓解干旱胁迫对植株生长的抑制和氧化损伤。本试验于2017—2018年研究叶面喷施褪黑素对干旱胁迫下大豆鼓粒期叶片光合、抗逆、碳氮代谢和产量的影响表明,外源褪黑素提高干旱胁迫下大豆叶片抗氧化酶活性,抑制活性氧的产生和细胞膜损伤,缓解干旱胁迫对光合能力的抑制,提高碳氮同化能力,最终缓解干旱胁迫造成的产量损失。与干旱胁迫相比,褪黑素处理下单株荚数、单株粒数和百粒重两年平均提高了2.9%、0.8%和17.2%,产量(单株粒重)平均提高了14.7%。Drought stress reduces soybean yield.Exploring the mechanism of improving drought tolerance and reducing yield loss is of great significance for soybean production.Melatonin application can alleviate the growth inhibition and oxidative damage of plants under drought stress.In this experiment,the effects of foliar application of melatonin on photosynthesis,stress resistance,carbon and nitrogen metabolism and yield of soybean during seed filling stage under drought stress were studied in 2017-2018.The application exogenous melatonin increased the antioxidant enzyme activity,inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species,decreased cell membrane damage under drought stress,alleviated the inhibition of photosynthetic capacity by drought stress,improved the carbon and nitrogen assimilation ability,and alleviated the yield loss caused by drought stress.Compared with drought stress,the treatment of melatonin increased the number of pods per plant,the grain number per plant and the hundred grain weight by 2.9%,0.8%,and 17.2%on average of two years,respectively,and the yield(grain weight per plant)increased by 14.7%.

关 键 词：褪黑素 大豆 干旱 光合 抗氧化系统 碳氮代谢 产量 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]