农户视角下的面源污染防治政策梳理及完善策略  

Summary of Non-point Source Pollution Prevention Policies and its Improving Measures:From the Perspective of Farmers

作　　者：石凯含 尚杰[1] 杨果[2] SHI Kaihan;SHANG Jie;YANG Guo

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学经济管理学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]重庆社会科学院,重庆400020

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2020年第3期136-142,共7页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“种植大户化肥施用行为与农业面源污染控制:影响机理与政策模拟研究”(编号:71573036)。

摘　　要：在供给侧结构性改革背景下,政策是进行面源污染防治的有效工具。市场经济环境下,农户的行为逻辑受多元因素影响。政策作为影响第一产业发展的关键要素,对农户具有制约、引导、激励和调节作用。与此同时,农户也对政策的推行效果具有深刻的影响。本文在进行面源污染防治政策演进分析时,尝试从经济激励引导型、命令控制型以及协同辅助型等不同政策类型入手,重视经济激励和制度激励的作用,收紧面源污染防控的监管口径,建立差别化的污染治理衡量机制,并重视技术推广在污染防控中的作用。提高农户积极性,提升农户对政策的反馈效果,最终提高农户对面源污染防治政策的遵循水平,提升面源污染防治效果。In the context of supply-side structural reform,fertilizer reduction becomes a policy tool for non-point source pollution control.However,in the background of market economy,the logic of farmers’behavior is influenced by many factors.As a key factor of the primary industry,policy plays an important role in restricting,guiding,encouraging and regulating the behavior of farmers.In this paper,we analyze farmer’s behavior and discuss the mechanism of non-point source pollution policy.Westart from analyzing different types of policies,such as incentive policy,punishment policy,and complementary policy,then we take four schemes(conditional pollution prevention and incentive scheme,hierarchical progressive subsidy incentive scheme,industry-research linkage pollution prevention scheme,and government-rural market coordinated control scheme)as measures to motivate famers and to establish a healthy interaction mechanism between policy and farmer’s behavior,to improve the effect of non-point source pollution prevention by improving farmers’compliance with non-point source pollution prevention policy and famers’subjective initiative.

关 键 词：面源污染防治政策 农户视角 化肥减量施用 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X52