小麦抗赤霉病遗传育种研究进展  

Research Advances in the Genetics and Breeding of Wheat(Triticum aestivum) Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight

作　　者：牛皓 姜玉梅[2] 牛吉山[2] NIU Hao;JIANG Yu-Mei;NIU Ji-Shan(Institute of Cotton Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Anyang 455000,China;National Centre of Engineering and Technological Research for Wheat,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院棉花研究所,安阳455000 [2]河南农业大学国家小麦工程技术研究中心,郑州450046

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2020年第3期530-542,共13页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(182102110147);河南省农业重大专项(161100110400)。

摘　　要：小麦(Triticum aestivum)是重要的粮食作物,其高产、稳产对我国的粮食安全至关重要。小麦赤霉病(Fusarium head blight, FHB)是危害严重的籽粒病害,严重威胁着我国小麦的安全生产和食品安全。本文从小麦赤霉病危害、抗赤霉病种质筛选鉴定、抗病类型、抗病性遗传、抗病基因定位、抗病分子机制、抗病育种、转基因等方面研究进展进行了综述,并提出了未来小麦抗赤霉病育种突破,需要深入研究病原致病机制和寄主抗病机制,以期为开拓建立在高度阻止或完全阻止病菌入侵的抗病机制上的抗病育种新途径提供理论依据。Wheat(Triticum aestivum) is an important staple crop in the world. The stable and high yield wheat production is fatal for crop security in China. Fusarium head blight(FHB) is a major spike disease,which threatens wheat production and food security. The research advances of the damage of FHB, screening and identification of the germplasm resources resistant to FHB, resistance types, heredity and mapping of the resistance genes, disease resistance molecular mechanism, breeding, and transgene are summarized in this paper. It is also proposed that it’s necessary to discover the molecular requirements for pathogenicity of Fusarium spp. and the molecular mechanisms of host resistance against FHB for a breakthrough in future wheat resistance breeding. The paper will provide a theory basis for developing more effective novel techniques using new strategies for future wheat disease resistance breeding, which based on absolutely or highly preventing Fusarium invading.

关 键 词：小麦 赤霉病 数量性状位点 基础抗病性 水杨酸 茉莉酸 病程相关蛋白基因 

分 类 号：S332.2[农业科学—作物遗传育种] S512.1[农业科学—农艺学]