氯盐和氟盐快堆增殖特性研究  

Study on the breeding characteristics study of chlorine and fluorine salt fast reactor

作　　者：周雪梅[1,2] 李冬国[1,2] 何燎原 刘桂民 ZHOU Xuemei;LI Dongguo;HE Liaoyuan;LIU Guimin(Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China;Innovative Academy of Advanced Nuclear Energy,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海应用物理研究所,上海201800 [2]中国科学院先进核能创新研究院,上海201800 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《核技术》2020年第4期1-6,共6页Nuclear Techniques

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(No.XDA02010000);中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目(No.QYZDY-SSW-JSC016)资助。

摘　　要：熔盐快堆具有燃料增殖、核废料嬗变和固有安全性等方面的突出优点,是目前备受关注的第四代先进核能系统唯一使用液态燃料的核反应堆。熔盐快堆通常选用液态氟盐或氯盐作为燃料载体盐和冷却剂,高增殖特性是其主要特征参数之一。基于双流体熔盐堆堆芯结构,采用基于反应堆安全分析和设计的综合性模拟程序SCALE(Standardized Computer Analyses for Licensing Evaluation)对两种氟盐快堆和一种氯盐快堆在同一重金属溶解度下的U-Pu燃料增殖比进行模拟计算,对不同增殖层和反射层下的增殖比进行了模拟分析,并分析了氯盐快堆在增殖层和反射层变化时,裂变区和增殖区中子能谱的变化情况。结果表明:在相同温度、相同摩尔比下,氯盐快堆比氟盐快堆具有更高的U-Pu燃料增殖比;氯盐快堆的增殖比随着增殖层和反射层厚度的增加而增加,但是增殖比的增长速率有所减弱;氟盐快堆的增殖层在厚度尺寸较小时,其变化对增殖比有较小影响,当厚度增至60 cm时,增殖层厚度尺寸的变化几乎对增殖比没有影响;氟盐快堆的反射层尺寸的变化对增殖比没有影响;增殖层和反射层厚度的改变不影响堆芯临界状态和裂变区中子能谱。这为三种熔盐快堆的基盐选择及尺寸设计从增殖方面提供了理论依据。[Background and Purpose]The molten salt fast reactor is one of the advanced nuclear energy systems which has attracted much attention because of its outstanding advantages in fuel proliferation,nuclear waste transmutation and inherent safety.Liquid fluorine salt or chlorine salt is usually used as fuel carrier salt and coolant in molten salt fast reactor,which has high breeding properties.[Methods]Based on the dual-fluid molten salt reactor core structure,a comprehensive simulation program SCALE(Standardized Computer Analyses for Licensing Evaluation)were adopted to simulate and calculate the U-Pu fuel breeding ratio of two kinds of fluorine-salt fast reactors and one chlorine-salt fast reactor under the same metal solubility.[Results]The breeding ratios of different breeding and reflecting layers were simulated,and the changes of neutron energy spectra in fission and breeding zones were analyzed.The breeding ratio of chlorine salt fast reactor increases with the increase of the thickness of the breeding layer and the reflector layer,but the growth rate decreases.When the thickness of the breeding layer of the fast reactor is small,the variation of the breeding layer has little effect on the breeding ratio.When the thickness increases to 60 cm,the variation of the breeding layer thickness has almost no effect on the breeding ratio.The variation of reflector size has no effect on the breeding ratio.The critical state of the reactor core and the neutron energy spectrum in the fission region are not affected by the thickness of the breeder layer and the reflector layer.[Conclusions]At the same temperature and molar ratio,chlorine fast reactor has higher U-Pu fuel breeding ratio than fluorine fast reactor.This provides a theoretical basis for basic salt selection and size design for molten salt fast reactor diffusion.

关 键 词：氯盐快堆 氟盐快堆 增殖比 中子能谱 

分 类 号：TL371[核科学技术—核技术及应用]