果树根系修剪装置设计与试验  

Design and experiment of fruit tree root trimming device

作　　者：毛雷 王鹏飞[1] 杨欣[1] 李建平[1] 邵建柱[2] 钱稷[2] 李雪军 MAO Lei;WANG Pengfei;YANG Xin;LI Jianping;SHAO Jianzhu;QIAN Ji;LI Xuejun(School of Electrical Engineering,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Horticultural College,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学机电工程学院,河北保定071001 [2]河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2020年第1期122-126,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系水果创新团队项目(HBCT2018100205);保定市科技计划项目(18ZN007);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-27).

摘　　要：为探究果树根系与果树冠层间的控制联动协作关系,通过果树根系修剪装置对5年生富士果树进行根系修剪,研究根系修剪位置W、距离L、深度H、角度θ等参数对苹果树新梢生长量的影响,选取L9(21×33)进行根系修剪试验及数据处理,结果表明:影响长枝富士果树新梢生长量的因素由高到低依次为距离、修剪位置、角度、深度;抑制长枝富士果树新梢生长量的果树根系修剪装置最佳作业参数为双侧、深度40 cm、角度20°、距离50 cm;影响短枝富士苹果树新梢生长量的因素由高到低依次为:角度、距离、深度、修剪位置;抑制短枝富士果树新梢生长量的果树根系修剪装置最佳作业参数为单侧、深度40 cm、角度10°、距离70 cm;长枝、短枝富士苹果树进行根系修剪试验后,不同处理影响长枝、短枝富士苹果树新梢生长量每10 d生长趋势大体相同,不同处理有加快新梢生长的反作用产生。通过对果树根系的管控,实现以根控冠、降低果树整形修剪的劳动强度。In order to explore the linkage and cooperative relationship between the roots of fruit trees and the canopy of fruit trees,the roots of five-year-old‘Fuji’fruit trees were pruned by fruit tree root pruning device to study the effect of root pruning position W,distance L,depth H,angleθand other parameters on apple tree shoots.The effects of growth amount were selected by L9(21×33)for root pruning test and data processing.The results show that:1.The decreasing order of factors affecting the growth of new shoots of long-shoot‘Fuji’fruit trees is distance,pruning position,angle and depth.The best working parameters of the fruit tree root pruning device for inhibiting the growth of the long shoot‘Fuji’fruit tree are bilateral pruning,depth of 40cm,angle of 20°,and distance of 50cm.The decreasing order of factors affecting the growth of short-shoot‘Fuji’apple tree is angle,distance,depth,and trimming position.The best working parameters of the fruit tree root pruning device for suppressing the growth of short shoots of‘Fuji’fruit trees are one side pruning,depth of 40cm,angle of 10°,and distance of 70 cm.2.After the root pruning test of the long-branched and short-branched‘Fuji’apple trees,the growth trends every ten days of the new shoots of the long-branched and short-branched‘Fuji’apple trees are similar,and the different treatments had the effect of accelerating the growth of new shoots.Through the control of the root system of the fruit tree,the labor intensity of the root control crown and the plastic tree trimming are reduced.

关 键 词：矮砧密植果园 新梢生长量 根系管控 正交试验 

分 类 号：S224.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S661.1[农业科学—农业工程]