新疆某三甲医院2010—2018年122例头癣患者回顾分析  

Retrospective analysis of 122 patients with tinea capitis in a third-grade class-A hospital in Xinjiang from 2010 to 2018

作　　者：王晓东[1] 哈地丽亚·哈斯木 董潇阳[1] 周珊[1] 刘旭[1] 帕丽达·阿布利孜[1] Wang Xiaodong;Hadiliya·Hasimu;Dong Xiaoyang;Zhou Shan;Liu Xu;Paride·Abliz(Laboratory of Mycology,Department of Dermatology,First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830054,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学第一附属医院皮肤科真菌实验室,乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《中华皮肤科杂志》2020年第4期290-292,共3页Chinese Journal of Dermatology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81560339、81760360)。

摘　　要：目的分析新疆医科大学第一附属医院2010—2018年头癣患者的特点和致病菌构成。方法回顾分析新疆医科大学第一附属医院2010—2018年皮肤科真菌培养阳性的122例头癣患者的临床资料。培养菌种并采用乳酸酚棉蓝染色做形态学鉴定。结果122例中,儿童头癣112例(91.8%),其中男70例(62.5%),女42例(37.5%);学龄前儿童58例(51.79%),学龄期儿童37例(33.04%)。成人头癣9例(7.38%),其中女7例,男2例。维吾尔族患者66例(54.1%),汉族46例(37.7%),哈萨克族5例(4.1%),回族3例(2.46%),蒙古族1例(0.82%),1例不详。2011—2013年每年病例数均≥20,2014年以后逐年下降(≤13例/年)。菌种鉴定结果:所有患者均为单一菌株感染,检出铁锈色小孢子菌46株(37.7%)、犬小孢子菌44株(36.07%)、紫色毛癣菌10株(8.2%)、许兰毛癣菌9株(7.38%)、断发毛癣菌6株(4.91%)、须癣毛癣菌4株(3.28%)、疣状毛癣菌3株(2.46%)。铁锈色小孢子菌(亲人性菌种)感染者中维吾尔族(34例,73.91%)最多;犬小孢子菌(亲动物性菌种)感染者中汉族患者最多(26例,59.09%)。结论新疆医科大学第一附属医院皮肤科收集的头癣患者中,以维吾尔族男性儿童为主,致病菌种以铁锈色小孢子菌和犬小孢子菌为优势菌种。Objective To analyze characteristics of and distribution of pathogenic fungi in patients with tinea capitis in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from 2010 to 2018.Methods Clinical data were collected from 122 tinea capitis patients with positive fungal culture results in Department of Dermatology,First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from 2010 to 2018,and retrospectively analyzed.Fungal culture was carried out,and lactophenol cotton blue staining was performed for morphological identification of the fungal isolates.Results Of the 122 patients with tinea capitis,112(91.8%)were children,including 70(62.5%)males and 42(37.5%)females,and there were 58(51.79%)preschool children and 37(33.04%)school-age children;9(7.38%)were adults,including 7 females and 2 males;66(54.1%)were of Uygur nationality,46(37.7%)of Han nationality,5(4.1%)of Kazakh nationality,3(2.46%)of Hui nationality,1(0.82%)of Mongolian nationality,and 1 of unknown nationality.The annual number of cases of tinea capitis was more than 20 from 2011 to 2013,and gradually decreased year by year from 2014(≤13 cases/year).All the patients were infected with a single fungal strain,and a total of 122 strains were identified,including 46(37.7%)strains of Microsporum ferrugineum,44(36.07%)strains of Microsporum canis,10(8.2%)strains of Trichophyton violaceum,9(7.38%)strains of Trichophyton schoenleini,6(4.91%)strains of Trichophyton tonsurans,4(3.28%)strains of Trichophyton mentagrophytes,3(2.46%)strains of Trichophyton verrucosum.Microsporum ferrugineum(anthropophilic species)mostly affected patients of Uygur nationality(34 cases,73.91%),and Microsporum canis(zoophilic species)mostly affected patients of Han nationality(26 cases,59.09%).Conclusion In the Department of Dermatology,First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from 2010 to 2018,tinea capitis commonly affected male children of Uygur nationality,and Microsporum ferrugineum and Microsporum canis were the dominant pathogenic species.

关 键 词：头癣 儿童 学龄前 小孢子菌属 疾病传播 传染性 

分 类 号：R7[医药卫生—临床医学]