长沙市2009-2018年肺结核疫情流行性特征分析  

The Epidemiological Characteristics of Tuberculosis Epidemic in Changsha From 2009 to 2018

作　　者：宋丽新[1] 王孝君[1] 熊姿[1] 谢赐福 黎果然 SONG Lixin;WANG Xiaojun;XIONG Zi;XIE Cifu;LI Guoran(Tuberculosis Control Division,Changsha Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changsha Hu'nan 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙市疾病预防控制中心结核病防治科,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2020年第5期3-6,共4页China Health Standard Management

摘　　要：目的了解近年长沙市肺结核疫情的流行特征,为针对性地采取防控措施提供依据。方法采用描述流行病方法,对2009—2018年长沙市肺结核发病的人群分布、时间分布、地区分布等流行病学特征进行分析。率的比较采用χ^2检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果长沙市2009—2018年年平均报告发病率69.97/10万,年报告发病率呈逐年下降的趋势(χ^2趋势=2050.39,P<0.01)。男、女性发病差异有统计学意义(χ^2=8160.93,P<0.01);年龄多集中在20-70岁;职业分布以农民为主。全年每个月份均有发病,1月份发病数最多。各县(区)均有肺结核病例报告,发病率差异具有统计学意义(χ^2=1930.43,P<0.01)。结论长沙市肺结核发病呈下降趋势,需加大对农民的健康宣教力度,加强学校结核病防控。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Changsha in recent years in order to provide the basis for taking corresponding prevention and control measures.Methods Epidemiological characteristics such as population distribution,time distribution and regional distribution of tuberculosis incidence in Changsha from 2009 to 2018 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.χ^2 test was used to compare the rates,and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results An average annual incidence rate was 69.97/100000 from 2009-2018,and the overall incidence showed a declining trend(χ^2 trend=2050.397,P<0.01).The difference between male and female was statistically significant(χ^2=8160.931,P<0.01).The groups of age was mainly in 20-70.The occupation distribution is mainly farmers.Which were reported in every month,with the most cases in January.Tuberculosis cases were reported in every counties(districts),with statistically significant difference(χ^2=1930.438,P<0.01).Conclusion Pulmonary tuberculosis incidences showed a downward trend in Changsha.Comprehensive prevention and control measures need to strengthen the health education of farmers and strengthen the prevention and control of tuberculosis in schools.

关 键 词：长沙市 肺结核 疫情 流行病学 特征 分析 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]