不同储存时间、加工及储存对叶菜类饲料亚硝酸盐含量影响研究  

Study on the Effect of Different Storage Time,Processing and Storage on Nitrite Content in Leafy Vegetable Feed

作　　者：陈明[1] 江弘远 曹峰 CHEN Ming;JIANG Hongyuan;CAO Feng(Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science and Technology,Taizhou 225300,Jiangsu China)

机构地区：[1]江苏农牧科技职业学院,江苏泰州225300

出　　处：《饲料博览》2020年第1期5-11,共7页Feed Review

摘　　要：试验研究了5种叶菜类饲料(白菜、青菜、包菜、菠菜、生菜)在室温下(20~25℃)敞口储存7 d,不同储存温度(20、5℃),不同加工温度(220、80℃)下亚硝酸盐含量的变化,目的是得到叶菜类饲料适宜的储存温度,储存时间以及适宜的加工温度。试验结果表明,室温下(20~25℃)下储存7 d后,5种叶菜类饲料中亚硝酸盐含量均随时间的延长而升高,都在第6天达到峰值,并在达到峰值后呈下降的趋势,尤其是菠菜的亚硝酸盐含量变化更加明显。另外,两种不同温度的加工中,5种叶菜类饲料中亚硝酸钠的含量220℃比80℃亚硝酸钠的含量高6×10^-4~1×10^-3 mg·kg^-1。220℃处理放置24 h后,白菜和青菜中亚硝酸钠含量要比80℃处理放置24 h后中的含量要多3×10^-4~9×10^-4 mg·kg^-1,但菠菜、包菜、生菜的亚硝酸钠含量要多3×10^-4~1.2×10^-3 mg·kg^-1。5种叶菜类饲料中亚硝酸盐在不同储存温度条件下含量有所不同,亚硝酸盐含量的变化为:常温>低温。试验结果显示,叶菜类饲料不适宜长时间储存,更适合冷藏,储存时间应控制在4 d以内,加工温度约80℃更好。Five kinds of leafy vegetable feed(cabbage,green vegetables,cabbage,spinach,lettuce)were studied and stored open for 7 days at room temperature(20-25℃).Different storage temperatures(20℃,5℃);Changes of nitrite content at different processing temperatures(220℃and 80℃).The purpose is to obtain the suitable storage temperature,storage time and processing temperature of leafy vegetable feed.The results showed that after 7 days of storage at room temperature(20-25℃),the content of nitrite in the feed of 5 leaf vegetables increased with the extension of time,and all reached the peak value on the 6th day,and showed a decreasing trend after reaching the peak value,especially the change of nitrite content in spinach was more obvious.In addition,during the processing at two different temperatures,the content of sodium nitrite in the feed of five leaf vegetables was 6×10^-4-1×10^-3 mg·kg^-1 higher at 220℃than at 80℃.After treated at 220℃and placed for 24 h,the content of sodium nitrite in cabbage and green vegetables was 3×10^-4-9×10^-4 mg·kg^-1 more than that in spinach,cabbage and lettuce after treated at 80℃for 24 h,while the content of sodium nitrite was 3×10^-4-1.2×10^-3 mg·kg^-1 more.The content of nitrite in 5 kinds of leafy vegetable feed was different under different storage temperature conditions,and the change of nitrite content was normal temperature>and low temperature.The test results showed that leafy vegetable feed was not suitable for long-term storage,and was more suitable for refrigeration.The storage time should be controlled within 4 days,and the processing temperature was better around 80℃.

关 键 词：亚硝酸盐 叶菜类饲料 储存温度 储存时间 加工温度 

分 类 号：S816.51[农业科学—饲料科学]