绿色秸秆复合管研制与开发  

R&D of straw composite pipe as a new utilization of crop straw

作　　者：宰松梅 许晓花 仵峰 楚运旺 王富斌 ZAI Songmei;XU Xiaohua;WU Feng;CHU Yunwang;WANG Fubin(School of Water Conservancy,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046, China;Henan Key Laboratory of Water-saving Agriculture,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学水利学院,河南郑州450046 [2]河南省节水农业重点实验室,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《水利科学与寒区工程》2020年第1期1-6,共6页Hydro Science And Cold Zone Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51979108);中原科技创新领军人才项目(194200510008);国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0400103);国家科技支撑计划课题(2015BAD24B02)。

摘　　要：针对我国水资源和秸秆利用的现状,分析了秸秆还田技术的优势与不足,研发了一种新型绿色灌溉管材——秸秆复合管。秸秆复合管以秸秆和土壤为主要原料,经过复合管成型机挤压成型,代替地下灌溉的毛管用于田间灌溉,用后直接还田,是一种兼具秸秆还田与地下灌溉功效的绿色管材。前期的研究结果已证实了制作秸秆复合管的可行性,本文阐述了秸秆复合管的制作原理及其灌溉可行性,分析了秸秆复合管地下灌溉存在的管材耐久性、灌水均匀度、土壤肥力、作物病虫害以及管道使用寿命等潜在问题及其解决对策,并提出了对秸秆复合管基础性能方面的进一步研究内容,包括制作复合管时秸秆掺量、布置复合管时管道间距、管道埋设深度以及铺设长度与灌水压力水头之间的关系等问题。以期为提高秸秆复合管各项性能、促进以秸秆复合管为核心技术的秸秆地下灌溉技术的推广应用提供参考。In view of the current situation of water resources and straw utilization in China,the advantages and disadvantages of straw returning and underground irrigation technology were analyzed,and a new type of green irrigation pipe,straw compound pipe(SCP),was developed.SCP is a kind of green pipe,which takes straw and soil as the main raw material and is extruded by compound pipe forming machine.It has both the effect of straw returning to field and subsurface irrigation.Previous studies have confirmed the feasibility of making SCP.The working principle and operating mechanism of the composite pipes were elaborated in this paper,and the potential problems of subsurface irrigation with the SCP,such as pipe durability,irrigation uniformity,soil fertility,crop pests and diseases,pipeline service life,etc.were analyzed,and the further research contents on the basic performance of the SCP including the amount of straw added in the production of the composite pipes and the arrangement of the composite pipes,the problems of channel spacing,pipeline depth,and the relationship between laying length and irrigation pressure head were discussed too.In order to improve the performance of SCP and promote the popularization and application of straw subsurface irrigation technology with the core technology of SCP.

关 键 词：玉米 秸秆复合管 秸秆还田 地下灌溉 绿色管材 

分 类 号：S278[农业科学—农业水土工程]