桂西南地区6个苹婆株系综合性状比较  

Comparative Analysis of Comprehensive Traits of Six Sterculia nobilis Smith in the Southwest Region of Guangxi

作　　者：黄丽君 李文砚 蒋娟娟 卢美瑛 赵静 杨志强 韦优 周婧 HUANG Li-jun;LI Wen-yan;JIANG Juan-juan;LU Mei-ying;ZHAO Jing;YANG Zhi-qiang;WEI You;ZHU Jing(Guangxi South Subtropical Agriculture Science Research Institute,Guangxi Longzhou 532415,China)

机构地区：[1]广西南亚热带农业科学研究所,广西龙州532415

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2020年第2期415-422,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860533);广西区直属公益性基本科研项目(GXNYRKS201705);广西创新驱动发展专项基金项目(桂科AA17204045-4)。

摘　　要：【目的】比较桂西南地区苹婆株系的综合性状,为筛选优良苹婆株系和选育优良苹婆品种提供参考依据。【方法】观测桂西南地区6个优良苹婆株系(分别为NY2、LH2、SK14、SJ30、BJ32和BJ33)的开花结果习性、农艺性状、抗逆性及经济性状,并应用DTOPSIS法对其农艺性状及果实产量和品质等性状指标进行综合评价。【结果】不同苹婆株系间在开花结果习性、农艺性状、抗逆性及果实性状等方面存在一定差异。其中,单株产量较高的是SK14(14.86 kg)和BJ33(14.50 kg)株系,二者间无显著差异(P>0.05,下同),但均极显著高于NY2、LH2、SJ30和BJ32株系(P<0.01,下同),而NY2、LH2、SJ30和BJ32株系间差异不显著;SK14的单果重最重(65.3 g),极显著大于NY2、LH2和BJ32株系,显著大于SK14和SJ30株系(P<0.05,下同);BJ32的出种率最高(58.6%),极显著高于NY2、SK14和SJ30株系,显著高于BJ33株系;SK14的单种重最轻(5.90 g),极显著小于其他5个株系(5个株系间差异不显著);NY2的蛀荚率最低(5.2%),极显著低于SK14株系,显著低于LH2、BJ32和BJ33株系;SK14的淀粉含量最高(65.899%),显著高于NY2、LH2、SJ30和BJ32株系;BJ32的可溶性糖含量最高(27.496%),极显著高于NY2、LH2和BJ33株系,显著高于SK14和SJ30株系;SJ30的可溶性蛋白含量最高(11.808 mg/gFW),极显著高于BJ33株系,与NY2、LH2、SK14和BJ32株系无显著差异。DTOPSIS法综合评价结果表明,BJ33株系的得分最高,C_i值为0.8336,综合性状最优。【结论】BJ33株系树势强,产量较高,果实饱满,种仁大,出种率高,品质风味佳,综合评价最优,可作为优良苹婆品种进一步开发利用;单项性状表现优异的SK14、BJ32和NY2株系适宜作为遗传资源用于品种改良研究。【Objective】The present paper aimed to compare overall characteristics of Sterculia nobilis Smith strains plantation in southwest Guangxi and provide a reference basis for qualified S. nobilis Smith strains screening and species cultivation.【Method】Comprehensively compare and investigate the flowering and fruiting habits,agronomic traits,stress resistance,and economic traits of six excellent strains of S. nobilis Smith planted in southwest Guangxi(NY2,LH2,SK14,SJ30,BJ32,and BJ33),and evaluate other traits,including yield and fruit quality,of the six strains by DTOPSIS.【Result】There were some differences in flowering and fruit habits,agronomic traits,stress resistance and fruit traits among different lines. Among them,SK14(14.86 kg) and BJ33 strains(14.50 kg) showed the highest yield per plant,without significant difference(P>0.05,the same as below),which were significantly higher than the other four strains(P<0.05,the same as below).No significant differences were found in yield per plant among the four strains. The single fruit weight of SK14(65.3 g) was the heaviest,extremely significantly heavier than that of NY2,LH2 and BJ32 strains(P<0.01,the same as below),and significantly heavier than that of SK14 and SJ30 strains. BJ32 had the highest seed production rate(58.6 %),which was extremely significantly higher than NY2,SK14 and SJ30 strains,and significantly higher than BJ33 strain. The single seed weight of SK14 was only 5.90 g,which was extremely significantly lower compared with the other five strains. The differences among the five strains were not significant. NY2 had the lowest pod boring rate(5.2 %),extremely significantly lower than SK14 strain,and significantly lower than LH2,BJ32 and BJ33. The starch content of SK14 was the highest(65.899 %),which was very significantly higher than that of NY2,LH2,SJ30 and BJ32 strains. The soluble sugar content of BJ32 was the highest(27.496 %),extremely significantly higher than that of NY2,LH2 and BJ33 strains,and significantly higher than that of SK14 a

关 键 词：苹婆 农艺性状 DTOPSIS法 综合评价 桂西南 

分 类 号：S792[农业科学—林木遗传育种]