小麦种子注入低能氮离子束的诱变效应  

Mutagenic Effect of Wheat Seeds Injected with Low Energy N+Ion Beam

作　　者：高飞 张明 夏仁江 韩利涛[2] GAO Fei;ZHANG Ming;XIA Renjiang;HAN Litao(Physics Teaching and Research Section,Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi,Guizhou 563003;Henan Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]遵义医科大学物理学教研室,贵州遵义563003 [2]郑州大学河南省离子束生物工程重点实验室,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2020年第3期6-9,共4页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“低能离子束介导外源总DNA转化小麦的变异机理研究”(11375154);遵义市汇川区2018年区级科技项目“N+离子束注入黔小麦诱变效应的研究”(遵汇科合201828)。

摘　　要：为促进优质小麦育种技术体系建设,提升小麦品质,应用低能氮离子束注入技术,对小麦种子注入适量(剂量为3×10^17 N+/cm^2)的氮离子束,研究注入氮离子束对小麦种子活力、幼苗POD和CAT活性以及植株农艺形状的影响。结果表明:与未注入氮离子束处理相比,注入氮离子束的小麦种子发芽势和出苗率显著降低(P<0.05),发芽率、幼苗鲜重和苗高降低,幼苗POD、CAT活性增大;植株形态变化明显,顶一叶长度突变,株高变矮,麦穗从有芒变为部分缺芒或无芒,千粒重增加。低能氮离子束注入小麦种子对小麦幼苗、植株及穗粒形态有明显的生物学效应,对小麦种质材料的改良具有一定作用。The effects of low energy N+ion beam treatment on seed vigor,seedling POD and CAT activity and plant agronomic traits of wheat are studied by injecting 3×10^17 N+/cm^2 N+ion into wheat seeds to promote construction of high-quality wheat breeding technological system for improving wheat quality.Result:The germination vigor and emergence rate of wheat seeds injected with 3×10^17 N+/cm^2 N+ion both are lower than CK(non-low energy N+ion beam treatment)significantly(P<0.05).The germination rate,fresh seedling weight and height of wheat seeds injected with 3×10^17 N+/cm^2 N+ion reduce but the seedling POD and CAT activity increases compared with CK.The low energy N+ion beam treatment induces obvious morphological change of wheat plants including mutation of top leaf length,plant height,awns and 1000-kernel weight.The low energy N+ion beam treatment has the obvious biological effect on morphology of wheat seedling,wheat plant,ear and kernel,which indicates that the low energy N+ion beam treatment has a certain effect on improvement of wheat germplasm materials.

关 键 词：氮离子 种子活力 酶活性 农艺形状 小麦 诱变 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]