垃圾焚烧飞灰悬浮预热等离子体熔融系统热力学计算及能耗费用研究  

Thermodynamic calculation and energy cost of plasma melting system for MSW incineration fly ash with suspension preheating

作　　者：郭志 刘志敏 GUO Zhi;LIU Zhimin(Aerospace Environmental Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300301,China)

机构地区：[1]航天环境工程有限公司,天津300301

出　　处：《热力发电》2020年第4期12-18,共7页Thermal Power Generation

基　　金：天津市科技计划项目(17ZXSTSF00030)。

摘　　要：垃圾焚烧飞灰悬浮预热等离子体熔融系统可以充分利用高温烟气显热预热飞灰,显著提高系统热效率并降低能耗费用。本文研究了生活垃圾焚烧飞灰的组分构成,建立了悬浮预热等离子体熔融系统热力学模型,着重分析了固气比、预热器级数和预热器分离效率对系统热效率、平均电耗和能耗费用的影响,并通过自行搭建的中试装置实际能耗费用验证了热力学计算结果。结果表明:随着固气比的增大,系统热效率逐渐增加并趋于70%;预热器由0级增加至6级,系统热效率逐渐增加,平均电耗由1.21 kW·h/kg降至0.55 kW·h/kg;第1级预热器的分离效率对系统热效率影响最大,悬浮预热系统可将能耗费用降低50.5%;能耗费用与中试装置实测结果吻合。Fly ash plasma melting system with suspension preheating can make full use of the high temperature flue gas to preheat fly ash, which increases the thermal efficiency and reduce the energy consumption costs dramatically. In this paper, the components of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash are studied. Through the thermodynamic model, the research investigates the effects of solid-gas ratio, stages of suspension preheating system and separation efficiency on the system thermal efficiency, the average power consumption, and the energy consumption costs. The results show that, with the increase of solid-gas ratio, the thermal efficiency of the system gradually increases and tends to 70%. The stages of the suspension preheating system increases from zero to six, the thermal efficiency gradually increases, and the average power consumption decreases from 1.21 kW·h/kg to 0.55 kW·h/kg. The separation efficiency of the first stage suspension preheating has the greatest influence on the thermal efficiency. The suspension preheating system can reduce energy consumption cost by 50.5%. The calculated energy consumption cost of the system is consistent with the measured cost of the pilot plant.

关 键 词：垃圾焚烧飞灰 等离子体 悬浮预热 热效率 能耗费用 飞灰熔融 玻璃化 

分 类 号：TQ172.1[化学工程—水泥工业]