提高机械零件疲劳强度和耐磨力的对策研究  

Research on Countermeasures of Improving Fatigue Strength and Wear Resistance of Mechanical Parts

作　　者：王岩[1] 郝庆波[1] WANG Yan;HAO Qing-bo(Air Force Aviation University of PLA,Changchun,Jilin 130000)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军空军航空大学,吉林长春130000

出　　处：《新型工业化》2020年第1期88-92,共5页The Journal of New Industrialization

基　　金：吉林省教育厅“十三五”科学技术项目(项目名称:数控机床可靠性综合设计技术及应用研究,项目编号:JJKH20170965KJ)。

摘　　要：随着科学技术的不断发展,我国的机械水平得到了显著提高,但还是存在零件使用寿命不长的问题,为了更好地发展机械化业务,有必要采取有效措施,对受损的零件进行修复,以改善机械零件的疲劳强度和耐磨力。机械加工行业的快速增长主要得益于社会发展、人民生活水平的提高,反之也促进机械工业的快速发展,但随着生产力的不断发展,人们对机械安装系统性能的要求也越来越高,以此提高生产的效率,为了满足进一步地生产需要,机械设备会长期处于运转的状态,长时间的工作会损坏机械和设备的许多零件,一旦出现诸如此类的问题,轻者降低机械生产的效率,重者阻碍机械工业的发展,对此有必要加大对机械零件疲劳强度和耐磨力对策的研究。Two effective methods to prolong life of mechanical parts include, enhancing fatigue strength and wear resistance. To improve fatigue strength, it is necessary to choose scientific and reasonable materials, and steel(forged steel, foundation pit steel, etc.) is the most commonly used material. Scientific heat treatment method can improve fatigue strength of mechanical parts, and increasing fillet can improve mechanical structure and components. It is necessary to reduce stress concentration and prevent sudden fatigue change based on requirement. Improving manufacturing process and surface smoothness, cold-hardening surface of parts can help necessary treatment for welding part of cracks to prevent accidental penetration. Through correct operation, we may achieve regular parts replacement and combination, timely and accurate understand lubricant replacement and damage of mechanical parts. To improve wear resistance of mechanical parts, it is necessary to choose proper heat treatment materials and methods, and materials with high surface hardness, such as materials with high carbon content. Parts can be hardened to surface to improve wear resistance and reduce surface pressure. When designing sliding surfaces, it is necessary to check pressure and ensure life of mechanical parts.

关 键 词：机械零件 疲劳强度 耐磨力 对策 

分 类 号：TH114[机械工程—机械设计及理论]