乌丹蒿开花动态、花粉活力及柱头可授性研究  

Observation on the Flowering Dynamic,Pollen Viability and Stigma Receptivity of Artemisia wudanica

作　　者：刘辉 蔡萍[2] 宛涛[1] 伊卫东[1] 张佳琦 LIU Hui;CAI Ping;WAN Tao;YI Wei-dong;ZHANG Jia-qi(College of Grassland Resources and Environment,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010011,China;Grassland Ecology and Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College,Xilin Gol Vocational College,Xilinhaote 026000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学草原资源与环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010011 [2]锡林郭勒职业学院草原生态与畜牧兽医学院,内蒙古锡林浩特026000

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2020年第1期43-47,共5页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金项目“乌丹蒿传粉生物学特性研究”(2016MS0321)。

摘　　要：在科尔沁沙地西部地区选取长势一致乌丹蒿植株,定株观察其开花动态和花后柱头的形态变化,并用TTC法检测花粉活力,用联苯胺—过氧化氢法检测其柱头可授性。结果表明:乌丹蒿整体开花格局是从上至下,头状花序内的小花是由外向内逐次开放,头状花序开花持续时间为3~7d,单株花期最长时间为19d;花粉寿命长达4d,在开花后第3d花粉活力最高,为47.12%;最佳授粉期为开花后3~4d;柱头可授性时间为6d,边缘花开花后第3d柱头的可授性最强;乌丹蒿花粉活力最高期与柱头可授性最佳期同时进行。Ten strains of Artemisia wudanica plants were selected to observe their flowering dynamics and the morphological changes after flowering in the western part of Horqin sandy land.The pollen viability was detected by TTC method,and the stigma receptivity was detected by benzidine-hydrogen peroxide method.The results showed that the overall flowering pattern of Artemisia wudanica was carried out from top to bottom;the florets in the head were gradually opened from the outside to the inside;the flower head duration was 3 to 7 days,and the longest flowering period of a single plant was 19 days.The pollen life was up to 4 days,and the highest pollen viability was 47.12% on the 2nd day after flowering.The optimal pollination period was 2nd to 3rd day after flowering.The duration of stigma receptivity was 6 days,and it was the strongest on the 3rd after flowering.The highest pollen viability of Artemisia wudanica was carried out simultaneously with the best period of stigma receptivity,indicating that it had a self-pollination mechanism.

关 键 词：开花动态 花粉活力 柱头可授性 乌丹蒿 

分 类 号：Q944.58[生物学—植物学]