特深定向井滑动导向过程中扭矩传递规律研究  

Torque Transmission Law in Slide Steering for Extra-Deep Directional Wells

作　　者：孙明光[1] 张洪宁[1] 刘卫东[1] 张建龙[1] Sun Mingguang;Zhang Hongning;Liu Weidong;Zhang Jianlong(State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development/Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering)

机构地区：[1]页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室,中国石化石油工程技术研究院

出　　处：《石油机械》2020年第2期1-8,共8页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“涪陵页岩气钻井技术示范”(2016ZX05060003);中国石化科技攻关项目“顺北一区特深层8 000 m定向钻井关键技术研究”(P18014)。

摘　　要：常规滑动导向过程中工具面调控速度与精度对提高特深定向/水平井定向钻井效率至关重要,明确常规导向过程中扭矩传递规律对提高工具面调控效率具有重要意义,而且该研究还是实现定向钻井自动化和智能化的核心基础理论。为此,建立了滑动导向过程中钻具动力学计算模型,给出了钻具井口扭转角度与井底工具面扭转角度间的函数关系。分析了钻具扭转角度、钻具结构尺寸、井深及井眼轨迹等对滑动导向过程中扭矩传递的影响规律,指出了影响钻柱扭矩传递效率的关键因素为钻柱扭转弹性刚度和黏滞阻尼系数,给出了提高工具面调控效率的工程建议为提高钻柱扭转弹性刚度和降低黏滞阻尼系数。通过与工程实际进行对比分析,指明了模型优化方向,优化后的模型计算精度超过了70%。研究结果可为特深定向/水平井滑动导向过程中工具面调控效率的提高提供指导,为自动化钻井技术研究打下理论基础。Speed and accuracy regulation at the tool face during conventional slide steering are crucial to improve the drilling efficiency of extra-deep directional/horizontal wells.Therefore,it is of great significance to clarify the law of torque transmission in the process of conventional steering to improve the regulation efficiency at the tool face.Moreover,the research findings are also part of the core fundamental theories to realize automated and intelligent directional drilling.For this reason,a computational mechanics model for drilling tools in the process of slide steering was established,and the functional relationship between the torsional angle of wellhead and the torsional angle of bottom hole tool face was given.The law of influence of torsional angle and structure size,well depth and wellbore trajectory on torque transmission in the process of slide steering was analyzed.This paper also indicated key factors influencing the torque transmission efficiency of drilling strings,such as torsional elastic stiffness and viscous damping coefficient,offered the engineering suggestions to improve the regulation efficiency at tool face,i.e.increasing the torsional-elastic stiffness of the drilling string while decreasing its viscous damping coefficient.By comparing with the engineering practice,this paper pointed out the direction of modelling optimization,and the optimized model calculation accuracy has exceeded 70%.The research results can provide guidance for improving the regulation efficiency at the tool face in the process of slide steering for extra-deep directional/horizontal wells and laid a theoretical basis for researches on automatic drilling techniques.

关 键 词：特深定向/水平井 滑动导向 工具面 扭矩传递 扭转弹性刚度 黏滞阻尼系数 

分 类 号：TE243[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]