中泰南五味子种子休眠机理初探  

A Preliminary Study on Dormancy Mechanism of Kadsura ananosma Seeds

作　　者：陈伟[1,2] 陈绍安 李江 孟梦[2] 冯弦 刘际梅 CHEN Wei;CHEN Shao-an;LI Jiang;MENG Meng;FENG Xian;LIU Ji-mei(Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Exploitation of Forest Plants,Kunming Yunnan 650201,P.R.China;Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland,Kunming Yunnan 650201,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]云南省森林植物培育与开发利用重点实验室,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省林业和草原科学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2020年第2期43-47,56,共6页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：云南省林业和草原科学院创新基金项目(QN2018-07)。

摘　　要：为了探讨中泰南五味子种子的休眠机理,以原产地新鲜的中泰南五味子的种子为材料,采用萌发法、称重法、生物鉴定法和形态解剖法对中泰南五味子种子萌发进程、吸水过程、萌发抑制物和胚的发育程度进行研究。结果表明,中泰南五味子种子萌发缓慢,新鲜种子在25℃恒温培养箱中需43d才开始萌发,种子具有休眠特性;种子吸水过程相对缓慢,呈“S”型曲线,能用Logistic曲线较好地拟合,吸水过程可分为4个阶段:0-2h为急剧吸水期,净吸水量0.65g/h;2-24h为快速吸水期,净吸水量0.11-0.18g/h;24-96h为缓慢吸水期,净吸水量0.02-0.10g/h;96h以后为种子吸水停滞期,净吸水量小于0.02g/h,其种子吸水量接近饱和,表明中泰南五味子不存在由于种皮透水性差而引起的休眠;其果肉、种皮的水浸提液对白菜种子具有显著的抑制作用,以果肉的抑制作用最强,萌发抑制物的存在是导致种子休眠的一个原因;果实成熟时种胚发育不完整,处于球形胚阶段,25℃下培养35d可完成胚的形态后熟过程,形态的胚休眠是导致种子休眠的主要原因。基于研究结果,认为中泰南五味子种子休眠类型为综合性休眠。To explore the dormancy mechanism of Kadsura ananosma seeds,fresh seeds of origin were used as materials to study the germination process,water absorption process,germination inhibitors and embryo development of K.ananosma seeds from the original region by germination,weighing method,biological identification method and morphological anatomy method.The results showed that the germination of K.ananosma was slow,fresh seeds did not germinate until 43d at 25℃,the seeds had dormancy characteristics.The water absorption process of K.ananosma seeds was relatively slow,showing a“S”curve,which could be better fitted by logistic curve,the process could be divided into four stages:0-2h was the period of rapid water absorption,with a net water absorption of 0.65g/h;2-24h was the period of rapid water absorption,with a net water absorption of 0.11-0.18g/h;24-96h was the period of slow water absorption,with a net water absorption of 0.02-0.10g/h;96h later was the period of stagnation of seed water absorption,with a net water absorption of less than 0.02g/h,and seed water absorption was close to saturation.There was no dormancy caused by the seed water-impermeability.The water extract from flesh and seed coat had the significant inhibitory effect on the seed germination and root growth of Brassica chinensis,and the inhibition of flesh was the biggest,the germination inhibitors was one of the factor leading to seed dormancy.The embryo was under differentiating at the globular stage in ripe fruit,the morphological after-ripening process of embryo could be completed after 35 days of culture at 25℃,and morphological embryo dormancy was the main factor for seed dormancy.It was concluded that the type of the seed dormancy was mix-dormancy.

关 键 词：中泰南五味子 种子 形态后熟 休眠类型 

分 类 号：S759.82[农业科学—森林经理学] S567.19[农业科学—林学]