冬季低温对2个橡胶树无性系老幼态植株抗寒生理指标的影响  

Analysis of Physiological Differences of Cold Resistance between Mature and Juvenile Clones of Hevea brasiliensis during Natural Overwintering

作　　者：李小琴[1] 桂明春 张凤良[1] 赵祺 杨湉 吴裕[1] LI Xiao-qin;GUI Ming-chun;ZHANG Feng-liang;ZHAO Qi;YANG Tian;WU Yu(Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Jinghong Yunnan 666100,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]云南省热带作物科学研究所,云南景洪666100

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2020年第2期48-56,共9页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：云南省热带作物科技创新体系建设专项资金项目(RF2019-2);云南省应用基础研究计划青年项目(2017FD230);云南省橡胶产业技术体系(2019KJTX008-02)。

摘　　要：为研究橡胶树老幼态无性系植株在自然越冬过程中枝条生理指标的变化规律,以2个橡胶树无性系老幼态植株的一年生休眠枝条为试验材料,对其在自然越冬过程中(2018年11月至2019年2月中旬)的相对含水量、电解质渗出率、抗氧化能力指标(丙二醛含量、超氧阴离子产生速率、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性)和渗透调节物质(氨基酸、游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量)进行测定,并用隶属函数法对橡胶树无性系老幼态植株的抗寒性进行综合评价。结果表明:自然越冬过程中2个橡胶树无性系老幼态植株枝条生理指标随时间的变化呈现规律性变化,且老幼态植株间各指标也有一定的差异。其中,相对含水量呈“降-升-降”变化,整个越冬过程中变化不大;电解质渗出率和丙二醛含量表现为先上升后下降,峰值出现在越冬中后期(1月2日至1月22日);超氧阴离子产生速率呈现“降-升-降”的趋势,峰值出现越冬前期和中期(11月和1月);超氧化物歧化酶与过氧化物酶活性呈“升-降-升”的趋势,峰值出现在越冬前期(12月13日);游离脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量呈先降后升的变化趋势,最小值出现在越冬中期(1月);可溶性蛋白含量呈先升后降的趋势,峰值出现在越冬中期(1月);氨基酸含量越冬前中期相对变化不大,越冬后期大幅上升。利用隶属函数法进行综合评价得出,2个橡胶树无性系幼态植株的抗寒性平均隶属度均大于老态无性系,说明参试的无性系幼态植株抗寒性强于老态植株。In order to research changes of physiological indexes in the branches of mature and juvenile clones of Hevea brasiliensis during natural overwintering,annual dormant branches of mature and juvenile seedling of two H.brasiliensis clones were used as test materials.The relative water content,electrolyte permeability,antioxidant capacity indexes(content of malondialdehyde(MDA),oxygen free radical production rate,superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)activity)and osmotic regulation substances(contents of amino acids,free proline,soluble sugar and soluble protein)were measured from November 2018 to the middle of February 2019.Meanwhile cold resistances of mature and juvenile clones of H.brasiliensis were comprehensive evaluated by membership function method.The results indicated that physiological indexes of the branches of mature and juvenile of two H.brasiliensis clones showed regular changes with time during the natural overwintering process,and there were some differences between the two types of plants.Among them,the relative water content showed a“decrease-increase-decrease”trend,and had a little change during the whole overwintering process.Electrolyte permeability and content of MDA first increased and then decreased,and the peak appeared in the middle and late stages of overwintering(between January 2 and January 22).Oxygen free radical production rate showed a“decrease-increase-decrease”trend,and the peak appeared in the early and middle stages(November and January).The activities of SOD and POD showed an“increase-decrease-increase”trend,and the peak appeared in the early stage(December 13).The contents of free proline and soluble sugar decreased first and then increased,and the minimum value appeared in the middle stage(January).The content of soluble protein increased first and then decreased,and the peak appeared in middle stage(January).The content of amino acid changed little in the early and middle stages,but increased significantly in the later stage of overwintering.According to the

关 键 词：橡胶树 自然越冬 老幼态无性系 抗氧化能力指标 渗透调节物质 抗寒性 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]